Carbohydrates

Question 1

What are the two types of starch. What is starch.

Answer 1

Alpha glucose polysaccharides amylose and amylopectin.

Starch is the main energy storage material in plants. Cells get energy from glucose and plants store excess energy at starch.

It is insoluble in water so doesn’t cause cells to swell by osmosis. This makes good storage

Question 2

Amylose

Answer 2

Long, unbrached chain of alpha glucose.

Hydrogen bonds between glucose molecules hold it in a helix coil.

It is compact and good for storage.

Question 3

Amylopectin

Answer 3

Long, branched chain of alpha glucose.

Its side branches allow enzymes that break down the molecule to get at the gylcosidic bonds easily, so it can be released quickly.

Question 4

Glycogen

Answer 4

The main energy store in animals. Its a alpha glucose polysaccharide.

Lots and lots of side branches.

Very compact.

Question 5

Cellulose

Answer 5

Component for cell walls in plants.

Long, unbranched chains of beta glucose.

MICROFIBRILS FROM HYDROGEN BONDS LINKING CELLULOSE CHAINS.

Strength and support