Cell Structure

Question 1

Controls movement into and out of the cell.

Answer 1

Plasma membrane

Question 2

Molecules that make up the cell membrane

Answer 2

Phospholipid bilayer, embedded proteins, cholesterol and carbohydrates.

Question 3

The three parts of the cell theory.

Answer 3

Cells are the smallest units of life.
All living things are made of cells.
All cells come from existing cells.

Question 4

The role of protein in the cell membrane.

Answer 4

Help transport particles across the cell membrane.

Question 5

The control centre of the cell.

Answer 5

The nucleus.

Question 6

Genetic material found in the nucleus.

Answer 6

DNA

Question 7

The function of the nucleolus.

Answer 7

Production of ribosomes.

Question 8

The function of ribosomes.

Answer 8

Protein synthesis

Question 9

Describe the nuclear membrane.

Answer 9

A double membrane surrounding the nucleus. Contains pores.

Question 10

Where are ribosome located?

Answer 10

On the endoplasmic reticulum and in the cytoplasm.

Question 11

The types of endoplasmic reticulum.

Answer 11

Rough (with ribosomes) and smooth.

Question 12

Where if rough ER found.

Answer 12

A network of membranes attached to the nuclear membrane and smooth ER.

Question 13

Function of the rough ER.

Answer 13

Transports protein through the cell

Question 14

Function of the smooth ER.

Answer 14

Manufactures lipids, detoxifies and regulates calcium levels.

Question 15

Function of transport vesicles.

Answer 15

Transports molecules from one part of the cell to another or out of the cell.

Question 16

Function of lysosomes.

Answer 16

Contain digestive enzymes to break down food or harmful material.

Question 17

Organelle that modified, processes and packages proteins for secretion.

Answer 17

Golgi body

Question 18

Differences between plant cells and animal cells.

Answer 18

Plant cells have cell walls, chloroplast and a central vacuole.
Animal cells have centrioles, lysosomes and small vacuoles or contractile vacuoles.

Question 19

Differences between a prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell.

Answer 19

Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus (contains chromosomes), and membrane bound organelles. Prokaryotes have no nucleus (DNA ring in cytoplasm) and have a cell wall.

Question 20

Function of a contractile vacuole.

Answer 20

Eliminates excess water from animal cells.

Question 21

What is the location and function of the cell wall?

Answer 21

The cell wall surrounds the plasma membrane. In plant cells it is made of cellulose. It supports the cell giving it shape.

Question 22

What do mitochondria and chloroplasts have in common?

Answer 22

Both in eukaryotic cells. Both have two membranes and their own DNA. Both convert energy.

Question 23

What is the function of chloroplasts?

Answer 23

Convert light energy into chemical energy through photosynthesis.

Question 24

What is the function of the mitochondria?

Answer 24

Supply the cell with energy through cellular respiration.

Question 25

What are the centrioles made of and what is their function?

Answer 25

Centrioles are used for cell division and they are made of microtubules.