Cell Respiration Flashcards
What is ATP?
(Adenosine Triphosphate) A chemical substance that can diffuse to any part of the cell and release energy.
How is ATP formed?
When glucose or lipids or other organic compounds are broken down.
What is cell respiration?
The controlled release of energy from organic compounds within the cells in the form of ATP.
Which kind of cell respiration needs oxygen (anaerobic or aerobic)?
AERobic, which occurs in the mitochondria.
What does glycolysis do?
Breaks down glucose to the organic compound pyruvate in the cytoplasm.
What happens if no oxygen is available for cellular respiration?
(ANAEROBIC Cell Resp.)The pyruvate remains in cytoplasm and is converted into WASTE that can be removed from cell.
What is the waste product from anaerobic cell respiration in humans?
Lactate, or lactic acid.
What is the waste product from aerobic cell respiration in yeast?
Ethanol and carbon dioxide.
What happens when oxygen IS available for cellular respiration?
The pyruvate is absorbed by the mitochondrion and there it is broken down into carbon dioxide and water.
Between aerobic and anaerobic cell respirations, which one produces more ATP?
AEROBIC by a lot.
What does aerobic exercise do for your body and blood?
(Longer and lower intensity, such as ZUMBA) Increases the total number of red blood cells in the body, which therefore helps facilitate the transport of oxygen throughout your body.
In anaerobic cell respiration, what happens when pyruvate is indeed converted to waste products (lactate and ethanol/carbon dioxide)?
No more ATP is yielded.
How can anaerobic cell respiration be data logged?
Gas sensors, oxygen, carbon dioxide, or pH probes can be used.
If a mitochondria were drawn as seen in electromicrographs, what things would be labeled?
(5) Outer membrane, the intermembrane space, inner membrane, matrix, and cristae.
Explain the relationship between the structure of the mitochondrion and its function.
The cristae form a large surface area for the elctron transport chain, and the small space between inner and outer membranes are for accumulation of protons, and then also the fluid matrix contains enzymes of the Krebs cycle.
