Cell Processess Flashcards
pasive transport
the movement of dissolve materials through a cell membrane without using cellular energy
active transport
the movement of materials through a cell membrane using cellular energy
diffusion
it is the main method by which small molecules move across the cell membrane
moves from high concentration to lower concentration
osmosis
it is the diffusion of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane
selectively permeable membrane
some substances can pass through the membrane while others can not
which particles can pass through the membrane
oxygen, food molecules and waste products
what do you think would happen if you watered your house plants with salt water
the plants would dry
photosynthesis
the process by which a cell captures energy in sun light and uses it to make food
what are the two stages of photosynthesis
stage 1: the chloroplast in plant cells capture the sun light
stage 2: the cell uses the captured energy to produce sugar
in stage two what does the cell need (photo)
the cell needs H2O and CO2= carbon dioxide
stomata
they are small opening under the leafs that allows co2 to enter
what is the chemical formula of the sugar the plant produces
c6 h12 o6 6 carbons sugar
what is a other product of photosynthesis
oxygen
respiration
the process by which cells obtain energy from glucose during respiration cells break down simple food molecules like sugar and release the energy they contain
two stages of respiration
stage 1: in the cytoplasm of the organism cell molecules of glucose are broken down to smaller molecules
stage 2: in the mitochondria they are broken down into smaller molecules
respiration equation
sugar+oxygen —> c6=+6h20+enrgy
what is fermentation
energy releasing process that doesn’t require oxygen/ gives energy for cells without using oxygen
what are two types of fermentation
alcoholic fermentation= yeast breaks sugar, like bread, bear and wine
lactic acid fermentation in body when cells laced oxygen product= lactic acid
compare photosynthesis and respiration
the equation of respiration is the opposite of the photosynthesis
in photosynthesis co2 and h2o are used the produce sugar and oxygen and during respiration the sugar glucose and oxygen are used to produce carbon dioxide and water
together this two processes form a cycle that balances the earth atmosphere of oxygen and carbon dioxide
effects of osmosis on cells
1 normal red blood cell= concentration of h2o inside the cell is the same as outside
2 low h2o concentration outside cell= h2o moves out of the cell during osmosis
3 high h2o concentration= h2o moves into the cell during osmosis
