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NURS 7811 > cell physiology > Flashcards

cell physiology Flashcards

1
Q

who first explored the internal environment?

A

claude bernard

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2
Q

how long does it take blood to circulate the body at rest?

A

1 minute

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3
Q

how long does it take blood to circulate the body with exercise?

A

6 times within 1 minute

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4
Q

what is the powerhouse of the cell

A

mitochondria

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5
Q

which endoplasmic reticulum site is involved with protein synthesis and the formation of ribosomes?

A

granular “rough” endoplasmic reticulum

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6
Q

which endoplasmic reticulum site is involved with lipid synthesis?

A

agranular “smooth” endoplasmic reticulum

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7
Q

what is important in the formation of membranes (phospholipids) and energy storage (TG)?

A

lipids

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8
Q

what happens to pyruvate in the presence of o2

A

it converts to acetyl-CoA and enters the citric acid cycle

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9
Q

what happens to pyruvate in the absence of O2

A

it becomes lactate

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10
Q

what makes up ATP

A

adenine- nitrogenous base
ribose-pentose sugar
phosphate radicals (3)

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11
Q

what is motion is ameboid locomotion

A

crawling motion

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12
Q

what is chemotaxis

A

the movement of cells towards a chemical of substance

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13
Q

which cells participate in chemotaxis?

A

white blood cells

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14
Q

which part of the cell packages products for transport or secretion?

A

golgi apparatus

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15
Q

what do you call programmed cell death?

A

apoptosis

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16
Q

pathologic or accidental cell death

A

necrosis

17
Q

how much water makes up the cell?

A

70-85%

18
Q

how much % of phospholipids in the cell?

A

25%

19
Q

how much % of proteins in a cell?

A

55%

20
Q

how much % of cholesterol in the cell?

A

13%

21
Q

what are functional proteins?

A

enzymes

22
Q

what are structural proteins?

A

cytoskeletons, myosin/actin

23
Q

what type of layer is the cell made of

A

phospholipid bilayer

24
Q

what determines the permeability of a cell

A

size and solubility

25
Q

what is hydrophilic

A

only soluble in water

26
Q

what is hydrophobic

A

only soluble in fats

27
Q

which substances pass through the membrane with ease

A

oxygen, ethanol, and carbon dioxide

28
Q

which substances have difficulty passing through the membrane

A

ions, glucose and amino acids (must use a carrier), proteins, h20, h20 soluble drugs

29
Q

what are integral proteins

A

proteins that cross (protrude) all the way through the membrane

30
Q

what are peripheral proteins

A

they only attach to one surface and do not protrude all the way

NURS 7811 (9 decks)

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