cell physiology Flashcards
who first explored the internal environment?
claude bernard
how long does it take blood to circulate the body at rest?
1 minute
how long does it take blood to circulate the body with exercise?
6 times within 1 minute
what is the powerhouse of the cell
mitochondria
which endoplasmic reticulum site is involved with protein synthesis and the formation of ribosomes?
granular “rough” endoplasmic reticulum
which endoplasmic reticulum site is involved with lipid synthesis?
agranular “smooth” endoplasmic reticulum
what is important in the formation of membranes (phospholipids) and energy storage (TG)?
lipids
what happens to pyruvate in the presence of o2
it converts to acetyl-CoA and enters the citric acid cycle
what happens to pyruvate in the absence of O2
it becomes lactate
what makes up ATP
adenine- nitrogenous base
ribose-pentose sugar
phosphate radicals (3)
what is motion is ameboid locomotion
crawling motion
what is chemotaxis
the movement of cells towards a chemical of substance
which cells participate in chemotaxis?
white blood cells
which part of the cell packages products for transport or secretion?
golgi apparatus
what do you call programmed cell death?
apoptosis
pathologic or accidental cell death
necrosis
how much water makes up the cell?
70-85%
how much % of phospholipids in the cell?
25%
how much % of proteins in a cell?
55%
how much % of cholesterol in the cell?
13%
what are functional proteins?
enzymes
what are structural proteins?
cytoskeletons, myosin/actin
what type of layer is the cell made of
phospholipid bilayer
what determines the permeability of a cell
size and solubility
