Cell Permability Flashcards
Solutes
Dissolved in water
Plasma membrane
Primary composed of lipids
Hydrophobic
Dislikes water
Selectively permeable
Allows some substances to freely pass the membrane
Cholesterol (3)
Rigid ring lipid
Randomly distributed throughout hydrophobic region
Gives plasma membrane structural strength
Carbohydrates chains(3)
Extend from outer surface
Attached to protein or phospholipid
Functions as a signal, coating, or receptor
Extracellular enviroment 3
Outside of cell
Aqueous
Extracelluar fluid (ecf)
Lipid bilayer (3)
Composed of 2 rows of phospholipids molecules
Phosphate group head faces outward
Fatty acid tail face inward
Phosphate group head (3)
Part of phospholipid molecule
Contained phosphate group
Makes this portion of molecule polar and hydrophilic
Fatty acid tails(3)
Part of phospholipid
Molecule
Tails consist of 2 fatty acid chains
Makes this portion of molecule nonpolar and hydrophobic
Peripheral protein(2)
Doesn’t extend across lipid bilayer
May serve as an anchor point for cytoskeleton
Transmembrane proteins(2)
Extend all the way through the lipid bilayer
May serve as a transport protein or a channel across the bilayer
Cytoplasm(4)
Inside of cell
Aqueous
Contains organelle
Intracellular fluid(ICF)
Diffusion
Solute move from area of high concentration to low concentration
Doesn’t require energy
Passive transport
Require random collision or kinetic energy for the molecules to move through the solution
Simple diffusion
Molecules are able to freely cross the cell membrane
Facilitated diffusion
Molecules need assurance of a channel protein it transport protein to cross the cell membrane
Osmosis
The diffusion of water
Aquaporins
A channel water is able to freely pass through
Hypotonic solution(3)
Lower solute concentration
Higher water (solvent) concentration
Net movement of water out of this side
RBC swells and potentially burst(lyse)
Hypertonic solution(3)
Higher solute concentration
Lower water(solvent) concentration
Net movement of water toward this side
RBC crenates(shrivel)
Isotonic
Equal solute and solvent concentration
Osmotic pressure
The pressure generated within a cell as water presses against the plasma membrane
Filtration
The separation of particles in a solution when pressure is applied to one side of the membrane
causes small particles to pass through membrane
Filtrate
Small particles and fluid that pass through the membrane
Hydrostatic pressure
When the pressure is exerted by water flow
Filtration rate
The rate substances filter through a membrane
Active transport
The energy needed to transport substances against a concentration gradient
Vesicular transport
The process of moving large molecules and droplets of ECF across the plasma membrane
Endocrine
The process of bringing substances inside cells
Exocytosis
The release of material in a cell
Phagocytosis
Cell eating
The intake of large substances in a cell
Pinocytosis
Cell drinking
The uptake of small droplets of ECF
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