cell parts

Question 1

vacuole p/c

Answer 1

fluid-filled space in the cell surrounded by membrane
an animal cell has numerous small vacuoles
a plant cell has a large central vacuole

Question 2

vacuole f

Answer 2

in animal cells, vacuoles store liquid, nutrients, and waste materials
in plant cells, vacuoles store cell sap, containing water, nutrients (sugars, dissolved mineral salts, etcetera), and waste materials

Question 3

mitochondrion p/c

Answer 3

rod-shaped structure/organelle

Question 4

mitochondrion f

Answer 4

cellular respiration occurs here. during cellular respiration, food substances are oxidised to release energy.
energy released is used by the cell for cellular activities, for example, growth

Question 5

chloroplast p/c

Answer 5

oval-shaped structure/organelle
contains a green pigment called chlorophyll that absorbs light energy.

Question 6

chloroplast f

Answer 6

allows photosynthesis to occur. during photosynthesis, light energy is absorbed and then used to convert carbon dioxide and water into sugars for the plant. oxygen is produced in the process

Question 7

cellulose cell wall p/c

Answer 7

every plant has a cell wall
mainly made up of cellulose. Cellulose forms fibres that crisscross over one another to form a very strong outer covering of the cell, surrounding the cell membrane.
fully permeable

Question 8

cellulose cell wall f

Answer 8

protects and supports the cell
provides rigidity and gives the cell a regular shape
prevents the cell from bursting

Question 9

cell surface membrane p/c

Answer 9

a thin outer layer that surrounds the cell
partially permeable
very thin layer of fats and proteins

Question 10

cell surface membrane f

Answer 10

controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell

Question 11

cytoplasm p/c

Answer 11

contains largely water with different types of substances such as proteins, carbohydrates, fats, and salts
contains specialised structures called organelles with specific functions

Question 12

cytoplasm f

Answer 12

site where most cellular activities, for example, chemical reactions, occur

Question 13

nucleus p/c

Answer 13

contains chromatin. chromatin coils to form rod-like structures called chromosomes.
in humans, each nucleus contains 46 chromosomes, arranged in 23 pairs. The chromosomes are made out of DNA
each chromosome carries many genes. a gene is a section of DNA that carries instructions for a specific characteristic. all the information in the DNA determines how an organism will look like

Question 14

nucleus f

Answer 14

controls all cellular activities. cell will die if nucleus is removed
contains DNA, the genetic material in living things passed down from parents to offspring

Question 15

what is division of labour

Answer 15

the breakdown of workload into smaller and more specific tasks for maximum efficiency and effectiveness