Cell Organelles- unit 2

Question 1

Are cell organelles found in prokaryotes or eukaryotes?

Answer 1

Eukaryotes

Question 2

What are organelles?

Answer 2

Structures within eukaryotes that perform important cellular functions.

Question 3

What are the 2 major parts of the eukaryotic cell?

Answer 3

Cytoplasm and the nucleus

Question 4

What is cytoplasm?

Answer 4

The liquid that fills the cell (outside the nucleus).

Question 5

What is the function of the nucleus?

Answer 5

-control center of cell
-contains the cell’s DNA and instructions for making proteins
-makes RNA

Question 6

True or False: Prokaryotes and eukaryotes both contain a nucleus.

Answer 6

False

Question 7

What is the function of the nuclear envelope?

Answer 7

-controls what enters/exits the nucleus

Question 8

What is the function of the nucleolus?

Answer 8

-produces ribosomes

Question 9

Where is the nucleolus found?

Answer 9

Inside the nucleus

Question 10

What are ribosomes?

Answer 10

Small particles of RNA and protein found throughout the cytoplasm.

Question 11

Where are proteins assembled?

Answer 11

On ribosomes

Question 12

What is the function of ribosomes?

Answer 12

To assemble amino acids to make proteins.

Question 13

Are ribosomes small and circular or large and circular?

Answer 13

Small and circular

Question 14

Are ribosomes found in prokaryotes or eukaryotes?

Answer 14

Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes

Question 15

What does ER stand for?

Answer 15

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Question 16

What are the 2 types of ER?

Answer 16

Smooth and rough

Question 17

What is the function of ER?

Answer 17

-An “intracellular highway”- used for transportation.
-produces proteins
-synthesizes membrane proteins
-detoxifies drugs

Question 18

What does the golgi apparatus appear as?

Answer 18

A stack of closely stacked membranes.

Question 19

What is the function of golgi apparatus?

Answer 19

To modify, sort, and package proteins and lipids that are leaving the cell.

Question 20

What is the function of lysosomes?

Answer 20

To digest particles (food)

Question 21

What are the functions of vacuoles?

Answer 21

To store water, food, enzymes, and waste.

Question 22

What is the function of mitochondria?

Answer 22

-converts the chemical energy stored in food into more convenient/usable energy

Question 23

True or False: The more mitochondria, the less energy produced.

Answer 23

False

Question 24

What is the function of chloroplasts?

Answer 24

-captures energy from sunlight and converts it to chemical energy (through photosynthesis)

Question 25

What do chloroplasts contain?

Answer 25

Chlorophyll

Question 26

What is the function of the cell wall?

Answer 26

-protection -shape -support

Question 27

What is the cytoskeleton?

Answer 27

A network of protein filaments that help cells maintain shape.

Question 28

Where are the centrioles located?

Answer 28

Near the nucleus

Question 29

What is the function of centrioles?

Answer 29

-pulls chromosomes apart -helps organize cell division

Question 30

What is the cell membrane made up of?

Answer 30

Phospholipids

Question 31

What is the function of the cell membrane?

Answer 31

Controls what enters/exits the cell and maintains homeostasis.

Question 32

Are cell walls found in plant or animal cells?

Answer 32

Plant cells only

Question 33

Are chloroplasts found in plant or animal cells?

Answer 33

Plant cells only

Question 34

Are centrioles found in plant or animal cells?

Answer 34

Animal cells only

Question 35

Are lysosomes found in plant or animal cells?

Answer 35

Animal cells only

Question 36

Do plant or animal cells have larger vacuoles?

Answer 36

Plant cells have larger vacuoles.

Question 37

Are mitochondria found in plant or animal cells?

Answer 37

Both

Question 38

Are cell walls found in prokaryotes or eukaryotes?

Answer 38

Both

Question 39

Is the nuclear envelope found in plant or animal cells?

Answer 39

Both

Question 40

Is the nucleolus found in plant or animal cells?

Answer 40

Both

Question 41

Are ribosomes found in prokaryotes or eukaryotes?

Answer 41

Both

Question 42

Is ER found in plant or animal cells?

Answer 42

Both

Question 43

Is the golgi apparatus found in plant or animal cells?

Answer 43

Both