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BIOLOGY > Cell Organelles- unit 2 > Flashcards

Cell Organelles- unit 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Are cell organelles found in prokaryotes or eukaryotes?

A

Eukaryotes

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2
Q

What are organelles?

A

Structures within eukaryotes that perform important cellular functions.

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3
Q

What are the 2 major parts of the eukaryotic cell?

A

Cytoplasm and the nucleus

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4
Q

What is cytoplasm?

A

The liquid that fills the cell (outside the nucleus).

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5
Q

What is the function of the nucleus?

A

-control center of cell
-contains the cell’s DNA and instructions for making proteins
-makes RNA

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6
Q

True or False: Prokaryotes and eukaryotes both contain a nucleus.

A

False

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7
Q

What is the function of the nuclear envelope?

A

-controls what enters/exits the nucleus

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8
Q

What is the function of the nucleolus?

A

-produces ribosomes

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9
Q

Where is the nucleolus found?

A

Inside the nucleus

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10
Q

What are ribosomes?

A

Small particles of RNA and protein found throughout the cytoplasm.

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11
Q

Where are proteins assembled?

A

On ribosomes

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12
Q

What is the function of ribosomes?

A

To assemble amino acids to make proteins.

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13
Q

Are ribosomes small and circular or large and circular?

A

Small and circular

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14
Q

Are ribosomes found in prokaryotes or eukaryotes?

A

Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes

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15
Q

What does ER stand for?

A

Endoplasmic Reticulum

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16
Q

What are the 2 types of ER?

A

Smooth and rough

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17
Q

What is the function of ER?

A

-An “intracellular highway”- used for transportation.
-produces proteins
-synthesizes membrane proteins
-detoxifies drugs

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18
Q

What does the golgi apparatus appear as?

A

A stack of closely stacked membranes.

19
Q

What is the function of golgi apparatus?

A

To modify, sort, and package proteins and lipids that are leaving the cell.

20
Q

What is the function of lysosomes?

A

To digest particles (food)

21
Q

What are the functions of vacuoles?

A

To store water, food, enzymes, and waste.

22
Q

What is the function of mitochondria?

A

-converts the chemical energy stored in food into more convenient/usable energy

23
Q

True or False: The more mitochondria, the less energy produced.

A

False

24
Q

What is the function of chloroplasts?

A

-captures energy from sunlight and converts it to chemical energy (through photosynthesis)

25
Q

What do chloroplasts contain?

A

Chlorophyll

26
Q

What is the function of the cell wall?

A

-protection
-shape
-support

27
Q

What is the cytoskeleton?

A

A network of protein filaments that help cells maintain shape.

28
Q

Where are the centrioles located?

A

Near the nucleus

29
Q

What is the function of centrioles?

A

-pulls chromosomes apart
-helps organize cell division

30
Q

What is the cell membrane made up of?

A

Phospholipids

31
Q

What is the function of the cell membrane?

A

Controls what enters/exits the cell and maintains homeostasis.

32
Q

Are cell walls found in plant or animal cells?

A

Plant cells only

33
Q

Are chloroplasts found in plant or animal cells?

A

Plant cells only

34
Q

Are centrioles found in plant or animal cells?

A

Animal cells only

35
Q

Are lysosomes found in plant or animal cells?

A

Animal cells only

36
Q

Do plant or animal cells have larger vacuoles?

A

Plant cells have larger vacuoles.

37
Q

Are mitochondria found in plant or animal cells?

A

Both

38
Q

Are cell walls found in prokaryotes or eukaryotes?

A

Both

39
Q

Is the nuclear envelope found in plant or animal cells?

A

Both

40
Q

Is the nucleolus found in plant or animal cells?

A

Both

41
Q

Are ribosomes found in prokaryotes or eukaryotes?

A

Both

42
Q

Is ER found in plant or animal cells?

A

Both

43
Q

Is the golgi apparatus found in plant or animal cells?

A

Both

BIOLOGY (10 decks)

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