Cell Organelles

Question 1

Is pili in a prokaryotic or eukaryotic cell?

Answer 1

Prokaryotic

Question 2

What does a nucleoid function as?

Answer 2

Container for all or most of genetic material

Question 3

Nucleoid: prokaryotic or eukaryotic?

Answer 3

Prokaryotic

Question 4

Function of nucleus:

Answer 4

• Acts as the brain of the cell: controls eating, movement, and reproduction
• contains genetic material (DNA)

Question 5

What does a ribosome look like?

Answer 5

• 2 subnits (pieces) to every ribosome

- ribosomes are slightly smaller in prokaryotic cells than eukaryotic cells

Question 6

What do ribosomes function as?

Answer 6

Protein builders of the cell

Question 7

Ribosomes: pro or eu

Answer 7

Pro AND eu, eu: animal and plant

Question 8

What is pili function as?

Answer 8

Helps the cell attach to other surfaces

Question 9

What is a cell membrane composed of?

Answer 9

A phospholipid bilayer…think back to the hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails

Question 10

Function of cell membrane:

Answer 10

• keeps everything inside of the cell

- semipermeable so things can go in and out

Question 11

Cell membrane: pro or eu

Answer 11

Pro and eu, eu: plant and animal

Question 12

Cell wall function

Answer 12

Provides structure and support

Question 13

Cell wall: pro or eu

Answer 13

Pro and eu, eu: ONLY PLANT

Question 14

Cell wall appearance

Answer 14

Holes between each cell in the cell wall so things can travel thru it

Question 15

Capsule function

Answer 15

Protects cell, helps cell retain moisture, adhere to surfaces

Question 16

Capsule: pro or eu

Answer 16

pro

Question 17

flagella function

Answer 17

allows a cell to move either by bending from the inside (eu) or rotating (pro)

Question 18

cytoplasm appearance

Answer 18

thick solution made of water, salts, and proteins

Question 19

cytoplasm function

Answer 19

suspends organelles, uses dissolved enzymes to break down larger molecules

Question 20

nuclear membrane function

Answer 20

regulates the passage of macromolecules but prevents the entrance of others (semi-permeable)

Question 21

DNA: pro or eu

Answer 21

pro and eu

Question 22

DNA function

Answer 22

contains the biological and genetic instructions that control the functions of the cells

Question 23

golgi body function

Answer 23

modifies, packages, and sorts PROTEINS for secretion; builds lysosomes (cell digestion machines)

Question 24

lysosomes function

Answer 24

holds enzymes created by the cell, digests things

Question 25

what is a vacuole

Answer 25

membrane filled with fluid – larger in plant cells than in animal

Question 26

vacuole function

Answer 26

stores nutrients, provides internal support

Question 27

sER appearance

Answer 27

NO RIBOSOMES ATTACHED

Question 28

rER appearance

Answer 28

RIBOSOMES ATTACHED

Question 29

sER function

Answer 29

storage organelle, important in the creation of lipids and steroids

Question 30

rER function

Answer 30

synthesizes and packages proteins

Question 31

mitochondria special appearance

Answer 31

folded inner membrane so there is more surface area for chemical reactions to take place

Question 32

mitochondria function

Answer 32

breaks down energy and creates ATP (power that can be used by the cells)

Question 33

peroxisome function

Answer 33

digests fatty acids, digests alcohol, contains enzymes that break down toxic hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen

Question 34

chloroplast special appearance

Answer 34

stacks of molecules that have chlorophyll on top of them

Question 35

chloroplast function

Answer 35

converts light energy into glucose that is used for energy in plant cells

Question 36

cytoskeleton 3 filaments:

Answer 36

actin filaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules

Question 37

actin filaments:

Answer 37

very skinny(8 nm), provides mechanical strength for cells, pinches cells apart during cytokinesis

Question 38

intermediate filaments:

Answer 38

medium sized(10 nm), provides a structural framework

Question 39

microtubules:

Answer 39

built of alpha tublin and beta tublin, hollow tubes(25 nm); assist in motion

Question 40

cilia function

Answer 40

assists in motion and feeding

Question 41

cilia: eu or pro?

Answer 41

eu

Question 42

nucleolus location

Answer 42

inside nucleus

Question 43

nucleolus function

Answer 43

makes ribosomal subnits from proteins and ribosomal DNA (rDNA)

Question 44

What is a plasmodesmata found in?

Answer 44

Plants

Question 45

What does a plasmodesmata do/ where is it in a cell?

Answer 45

- it connects cytoplasm between 2 cells and allows other things to flow through as well - located in between 2 cells, part of the cell membrane

Question 46

What are cell/gap junctions found in?

Answer 46

ANIMALS

Question 47

What do cell/gap junctions do/ where is it in a cell?

Answer 47

- it connects cytoplasm between 2 cells and allows other things to flow through as well - located in between 2 cells, part of the cell membrane