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Unit 2 > Cell Organelles > Flashcards

Cell Organelles Flashcards

1
Q

Is pili in a prokaryotic or eukaryotic cell?

A

Prokaryotic

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2
Q

What does a nucleoid function as?

A

Container for all or most of genetic material

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3
Q

Nucleoid: prokaryotic or eukaryotic?

A

Prokaryotic

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4
Q

Function of nucleus:

A
  • Acts as the brain of the cell: controls eating, movement, and reproduction
  • contains genetic material (DNA)
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5
Q

What does a ribosome look like?

A
  • 2 subnits (pieces) to every ribosome

- ribosomes are slightly smaller in prokaryotic cells than eukaryotic cells

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6
Q

What do ribosomes function as?

A

Protein builders of the cell

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7
Q

Ribosomes: pro or eu

A

Pro AND eu, eu: animal and plant

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8
Q

What is pili function as?

A

Helps the cell attach to other surfaces

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9
Q

What is a cell membrane composed of?

A

A phospholipid bilayer…think back to the hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails

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10
Q

Function of cell membrane:

A
  • keeps everything inside of the cell

- semipermeable so things can go in and out

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11
Q

Cell membrane: pro or eu

A

Pro and eu, eu: plant and animal

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12
Q

Cell wall function

A

Provides structure and support

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13
Q

Cell wall: pro or eu

A

Pro and eu, eu: ONLY PLANT

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14
Q

Cell wall appearance

A

Holes between each cell in the cell wall so things can travel thru it

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15
Q

Capsule function

A

Protects cell, helps cell retain moisture, adhere to surfaces

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16
Q

Capsule: pro or eu

A

pro

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17
Q

flagella function

A

allows a cell to move either by bending from the inside (eu) or rotating (pro)

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18
Q

cytoplasm appearance

A

thick solution made of water, salts, and proteins

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19
Q

cytoplasm function

A

suspends organelles, uses dissolved enzymes to break down larger molecules

20
Q

nuclear membrane function

A

regulates the passage of macromolecules but prevents the entrance of others (semi-permeable)

21
Q

DNA: pro or eu

A

pro and eu

22
Q

DNA function

A

contains the biological and genetic instructions that control the functions of the cells

23
Q

golgi body function

A

modifies, packages, and sorts PROTEINS for secretion; builds lysosomes (cell digestion machines)

24
Q

lysosomes function

A

holds enzymes created by the cell, digests things

25
Q

what is a vacuole

A

membrane filled with fluid – larger in plant cells than in animal

26
Q

vacuole function

A

stores nutrients, provides internal support

27
Q

sER appearance

A

NO RIBOSOMES ATTACHED

28
Q

rER appearance

A

RIBOSOMES ATTACHED

29
Q

sER function

A

storage organelle, important in the creation of lipids and steroids

30
Q

rER function

A

synthesizes and packages proteins

31
Q

mitochondria special appearance

A

folded inner membrane so there is more surface area for chemical reactions to take place

32
Q

mitochondria function

A

breaks down energy and creates ATP (power that can be used by the cells)

33
Q

peroxisome function

A

digests fatty acids, digests alcohol, contains enzymes that break down toxic hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen

34
Q

chloroplast special appearance

A

stacks of molecules that have chlorophyll on top of them

35
Q

chloroplast function

A

converts light energy into glucose that is used for energy in plant cells

36
Q

cytoskeleton 3 filaments:

A

actin filaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules

37
Q

actin filaments:

A

very skinny(8 nm), provides mechanical strength for cells, pinches cells apart during cytokinesis

38
Q

intermediate filaments:

A

medium sized(10 nm), provides a structural framework

39
Q

microtubules:

A

built of alpha tublin and beta tublin, hollow tubes(25 nm); assist in motion

40
Q

cilia function

A

assists in motion and feeding

41
Q

cilia: eu or pro?

A

eu

42
Q

nucleolus location

A

inside nucleus

43
Q

nucleolus function

A

makes ribosomal subnits from proteins and ribosomal DNA (rDNA)

44
Q

What is a plasmodesmata found in?

A

Plants

45
Q

What does a plasmodesmata do/ where is it in a cell?

A
  • it connects cytoplasm between 2 cells and allows other things to flow through as well
  • located in between 2 cells, part of the cell membrane
46
Q

What are cell/gap junctions found in?

A

ANIMALS

47
Q

What do cell/gap junctions do/ where is it in a cell?

A
  • it connects cytoplasm between 2 cells and allows other things to flow through as well
  • located in between 2 cells, part of the cell membrane

Unit 2 (8 decks)

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