Cell organelles Flashcards
What is the function of nucleus
Controls the activities of the cell
Contains DNA
Contains hereditary material
What is the function of the mitochondria
Bean shaped
Powerhouse of the cell
Membrane bound organelle
The area where cellular respiration takes place in plant and animal cells
Breaks down sugar/glucose molecules to release energy
The amount mitochondria in a specific cell correlates with the amount of energy it needs
Eg. Skin cells have very less mitochondria, as it does not need much energy. Sperm cells have a lot of mitochondria, as it needs energy in order to swim to egg cells
What is cytoplasm
Found in plants and animals
Blank space within the cell
Bathes/surrounds other organelles
Purpose is to support and protect cell organelles
Allows them to move
Clear, thick, jelly
What is the cell membrane
The outside of the cell
Animal cells have one layer, plants have two layers
Plants have a cell wall
Outer layer for animals
Restricts movements of in and out of the cell
Selectively permeable
What is the cell wall
Only plants have cell walls
Outer layer
Rigid and strong
Used for support and protection
What is Endoplasmic Reticulum
Found in plants and animal
Network of tubes
Carries materials throughout the cell and can transport things from different organelles to others
Two types
- Smooth - without ribosomes
- Rough - embedded with ribosomes
What are golgi bodies
Found in plants and animals
Stacks of flattened sacs
Package and export proteins out of the cell
What are vacuoles
Found in plants and animals
A plant cell has one large, central vacuole (largest organelle inside of a plant cell)
Animals have many smaller vacuoles inside of the cell
Large, filled with fluid
Store food, water, metabolic and toxic wastes
What are chloroplasts
Only found in plant cells
Green oval
Contains chlorophyll
Uses energy from the sun to make food (photosynthesis)
The area where photosynthesis takes place in the plant
What are lysosomes
Found in plants and animals
Small and round
Digests large molecules into smaller ones
What are ribosomes
Found in animal and plant cells
Found in some endoplasmic reticulum, can also be free
Synthesizes protein
