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BMS242 PHYSIOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY > CELL MEMBRANES > Flashcards

CELL MEMBRANES Flashcards

1
Q

WHAT IS THE COMPOSITION IN WEIGHT OF PROTEINS, LIPIDS AND CARBOHYDRATES IN THE PHOSPHOLIPID BILAYER

A

PROTEIN: 55%
LIPIDS: 42%
CARBS: 3%

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2
Q

WHAT ARE THE MAIN COMPONENTS OF THE IC AND EC COMPARTMENTS

A 
NA+ 
K+
CA2+
CL-
PHOSPHATE
CARBONATE
PROTEIN
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3
Q

WHAT IS THE EC CONC OF SODIUM

A

145MM

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4
Q

WHAT IS THE IC CONC OF SODIUM

A

15MM

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5
Q

WHAT IS THE EC CONC OF POTASSIUM

A

5MM

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6
Q

WHAT IS THE IC CONCENTRATION OF POTASSIUM

A

150MM

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7
Q

WHAT IS THE EC CONCENTRATION OF CALCIUM

A

1MM

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8
Q

WHAT IN THE IC CONCENTRATION OF CALCIUM

A

0.0001MM

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9
Q

HOW DO LIPID SOLUBLE MOLECULES MOVE ACROSS THE MEMBRANE

A

BY DIFFUSION

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10
Q

HOW DO SMALL MOLECULES AND IONS MOVE ACROSS THE MEMBRANE

A

BY TRANSPORT PROTEINS

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11
Q

HOW DO LARGE MOLECULES MOVE ACROSS THE MEMBRANE

A

BY ENDOCYTOSIS

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12
Q

WHAT TYPES OF TRANSPORT PROTEINS ARE THERE

A
  1. CARRIERS
  2. PUMPS
  3. ION CHANNELS
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13
Q

FACTS ABOUT ACTIVE TRANSPORT

A
  1. AGAINST OR WITHOUT AND ELECTROCHEMICAL GRADIENT
  2. REQUIRES HYDROLYSIS OF ATP
  3. LOW TURNOVER <100 PER SEC
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14
Q

FACTS ABOUT CARRIERS

A
  1. PASSIVE
  2. CONFORMATIONAL CHANGE
  3. HIGHLY SELECTIVE
  4. CARRY OUT FACILITATED DIFFUSION
  5. TURNOVER OF 10^2-10^3
  6. SATURABLE
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15
Q

FACTS ABOUT CHANNELS

A
  1. PASSIVE
  2. HAVE A PORE
  3. CAN BE SELECTIVE
  4. CAN BE GATED
  5. HIGH TURNOVER 10^6-10^8
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16
Q

CLASSIFICATIONS OF CARRIER

A
  1. UNIPORTER
  2. SYMPORTER (CO)
  3. ANTIPORTER
17
Q

WHAT IS THE PATCH CLAMP TECHNIQUE

A

A METHOD BY NEHR SAKKMAN USED TO DIRECTLY MEASURE ION CHANNEL FUNCTION

18
Q

WHAT IS THE CELL ATTACHED METHOD

A

A PATCH CLAMP TECHNIQUE.
THE MEMBRANE FORMS A HIGH RESISTANCE SEAL TO THE PIPETTE TIP (10^-6) WITH A SALT SOLN (KCL) AND MEASURES WITH RESPECT TO A REFERENCE TO SEE INDIVIDUAL ION CHANNELS OPEN AND CLOSE.

19
Q

WHAT IS THE WHOLE CELL METHOD

A

IF WE RUPTURE THE MEMBRANE, THE SOLUTION FILLS THE CELL AND WE CAN MEASURE ALL OF THE CHANNELS IN THE CELL BY MEASURING THE CURRENTS AT DIFFERENT POTENTIALS.

20
Q

HOW CAN WE MEASURE THE TOTAL CURRENT CARRIED BY A POPULATION OF CHANNELS

A 
I= N * PO*G*(VM-EI)
N= NO OF CHANNELS
PO= OPEN PROBABILITY
G= SINGLE CONDUCTANCE CHANNEL
VM= MEMBRANE POTENTIAL
EI= EQUILIBRIUM POTENTIAL OF ION
21
Q

WHAT IS ANOTHER WAY TO CLASSIFY ION CHANNELS

A

MOLECULAR FAMILY

22
Q

WHAT IS THE STRUCTURE OF THE KCSA BACTERIAL CHANNEL AND HOW WAS IT FOUND

A

HOMOLOGOUS WITH THE KIR CHANNEL, THE STRUCTURE WAS FOUND BY VISUALISING PROTEIN CRYSTALS IN X RAY
It contains a basic pore-forming unit comprising two transmembrane helices, M1 and M2, linked by a shorter re-entrant pore (P) helix and a loop (Fig. 4). The functional channel is formed from a tetrameric assembly of the 2TM + 1P unit.

23
Q

WHAT IS THE STRUCTURE OF A KV CHANNEL

A
  1. 6 SUBUNITS
  2. VOLTAGE SENSOR ON THE 4TH
  3. PORE BETWEEN 5 AND 6

BMS242 PHYSIOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY (13 decks)

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