ANTI INFLAMMATORIES 2 Flashcards
DEFINE RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
JOINT PAIN AND INFLAMMATION, AUTO IMMUNE IN NATURE THAT CAN OCCUR ON ONE SIDE OF THE BODY
WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS OF RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
SWELLING JOINTS, PAIN, STIFFNESS IN THE MORNING AND POOR SLEEP
WHAT SMALL MOLECULE DRUGS ARE AVAILABLE TO TREAT RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
DMARDS
WHAT ARE DMARDS
DISEASE MODIFYING ANTI RHEUMATIC DRUGS
WHAT IS AN EXAMPLE OF A DMARD
METHOTREXATE
WHAT DOES METHOTREXATE DO
ANTAGONIST OF FOLIC ACID, REPRESSES CYTOTOXIC AND IMMUNE CELLS
IT INHIBITS TH1 CELLS
USE IN LOW DOSES
WHAT DO TH1 CELLS DO
ACTIVATED TH1 CELLS ACTIVATE MACROPHAGES, OSTEOBLASTS AND OSTEOCLASTS
THE MACROPHAGES STIMULATE IL1 AND TNF ALPHA THAT ARE PRO INFLAMMATORIES
THE OSTEOCYTES STIMULATE ENZYMES
BOTH RESULT IN JOINT DAMAGE
HOW DO DMARDS WORK
THIER ACTION IS NOT UNDERSTOOD BUT THEY ARE A GROUP OF DRUGS THAT HAVE DIFFERENT ACTIONS ON DIFFERENT TARGETS
WHAT ARE HIGH DOSES OF METHOTREXATE USED FOR
CANCER TREATMENT
WHAT OTHER DMARDS ARE THERE AND HOW DO THEY WORK
SULFASALAZINE - MAY BE A FREE RADICAL SCAVENGER
GOLD COMPOUNDS - INHIBITS INDUCTION OF IL1 TNF ALPHA
WHAT IS THE ACTION OF BIOPHARMACEUTICAL DMARDS
CAN SPECIFICALLY TARGET PRO INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES
GIVE AN EXAPLE OF A BIO DMARD
ADILIMUMAB (HUMIRA) NEUTRALISES TNF
WHAT IS THE ACTION OF CYCLOSPORIN AS A SMALL MOLECULE DMARD
CALCINEURIN INHIBITOR TO STOP ACTIVATION OF NK KAPPA THAT PROMOTES TRANSCRIPTION OF INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES (IL2)
Cyclosporin, an immunosuppressant often used to treat organ transplant rejection, binds to cyclophilin, a cytosolic immunophilin protein. The cyclosporin-immunophilin complex then binds to calcineurin, a calcium-activated phosphatase, causing the dephosphorylation of NF-κB.
HOW MANY ASTHMA SUFFERERS ARE IN THE UK
5.4 MILLION
WHAT ARE COMMON DRUGS TO TREAT ASTHMA
SALBUTAMOL BRONCHODILATORS B2 ADRENORECEPTOR AGONISTS PREDNISOLONE OMALIZUMAB
WHY DO SOME ASTHMA SUFFERERS GET PRESCRIBED OTHER DRUGS
POLYMORPHISMS IN THE RECEPTORS MEANS EFFECTIVENESS VARIES
WHAT TYPE OF DRUG IS PREDNISOLONE
GLUCOCORTICOID
WHAT ARE THE PHASES OF ASTHMA
EARLY PHASE - BRONCHOSPARM
LATE PHASE - INFLAMMATION
WHAT OCCURS IN EARLY PHASE ASTHMA
THE ‘ATTACK’ ITSELF IE CLOSING OF AIRWAYS
RELEASE OF CYTOKINES AND CHEMOKINES
WHAT OCCURS IN LATE PHASE ASTHMA
ACTION OF THE CYTOKINES AND CHEMOKINES OF THE EARLY PHASE
IMMUNE RESPONSE PERMANENTLY DAMAGES CELLS
IMMUNE CELLS RESIDE PERMANENTLY
DAMAGE TO EPITHELIA
INCREASED MUCOUS
DECREASE LUNG CAPACITY
WHAT TYPES OF ALLERGEN SOURCES ARE THERE
INHALED
INJECTED
INGESTED
CONTACTED
WHAT IS THE CAUSE OF ALLERGIES
IMMUNOGLOBULIN E MEDIATED HYPERSENSITIVITY
WHY DO ALLERGIES USUALLY ARISE
DUE TO EXPOSURE AND COMPROMISE OF CELLS TO DEVELOP ANTIBODIES
MAST CELLS ARE AT EVERY …………………. OF THE BODY, THESE CONTAIN …………… RECEPTORS
MAST CELLS …………………… TO RELEASE ………………AND TNF ALPHA AND PROSTAGLANDINS TO RECRUIT OTHER INFLAMMATORY MEDIATORS.
INTERFACE
IG-E
DEGRANULATE
HISTAMINE
