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1. IMMS Flashcards > Cell Membranes > Flashcards

Cell Membranes Flashcards

1
Q

What are cell membranes made of?

A

A phospholipid bilayer

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2
Q

What are the functions of a cell membrane?

A 
Semi permeable
Structural integrity
Separates intra/extracellular, a boundary
Selective barrier
Receptors for self/foreign ID
Links adjacent cells
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3
Q

What are the 2 main membrane proteins?

A

Receptors & channels

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4
Q

What do receptors do?

A

Outside binding triggers intracellular response

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5
Q

What are some examples of receptors?

A

Enzyme linked receptor
ion channel linked receptor
G coupled protein receptor

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6
Q

What happens with G coupled protein receptors?

A

Extracellular binding activates transduction pathway internally
Cascade of internal reactions

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7
Q

What are the 3 types of channel proteins & when do they open?

A

Ligand gated - depends on ligand binding to open
Voltage gated - impulse transmission
Mechanical gated- open when stretched

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8
Q

What are the 4 main types of cell to cell junctions?

A

Tight junction
Adherens
Desmosomes
Gap junctions

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9
Q

Describe tight junctions

A

No passage
Cells sealed together in an epithelial sheet to prevent leakage of molecules between them
Eg. In GI Tract and blood brain barrier

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10
Q

Describe adherens

A

Joins actin (smaller) bundle in one cell to actin bundles in adjacent cell

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11
Q

Describe desmosomes

A

Adjacent intermediate filaments (bigger) joined

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12
Q

Describe gap junctions

A

Allow passage of (water soluble) ions & molecules to adjacent cells
Key in myocardium contraction

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13
Q

What are 4 types of transport?

A

Diffusion
osmosis
Facilitated diffusion
active transport

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14
Q

Describe diffusion & osmosis

A

Down conc gradient / water potential gradient

Passive - require no energy

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15
Q

Describe facilitated diffusion?

A

Down concentration gradient w/ protein (protein channel)

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16
Q

What are the 2 types of active transport & give examples?

A

1* = direct (use of energy) eg. Na+/K+ ATPase pump, H+/K+ ATPase pump

2* = indirect eg. Co transport

17
Q

What happens in exocytosis?

A

Vesicles from Golgi apparatus, fuse with plasma cell membrane and bud off CSM (too big/hydrophilic for diffusion)
Eg. Expulsion of waste, secretion of enzyme/hormone

18
Q

What happens in endocytosis?

A

Absorbs/engulfs/intake of molecules into a cell in an endosome
Requires energy

19
Q

What are the three types of endocytosis?

A

Phagocytosis
Pinocytosis
receptor mediated

20
Q

Describe phagocytosis

A

Eating, engulfing whole cells/pathogens/macromolecules by neutrophils and macrophages

21
Q

Describe pinocytosis

A

Drinking, engulfing dissolved solutes

22
Q

Describe receptor mediated endocytosis

A

Engulfing ligand - receptor complex

1. IMMS Flashcards (14 decks)

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