cell membrane

Question 1

open system

Answer 1

exchange matter and energy with their surroundings

Question 2

phospholipid bilayer

Answer 2

proteins are suspended in the bilayer, sugar molecules are attached to some of the proteins

Question 3

purpose

Answer 3

to maintain equilibrium within the cell

Question 4

hydrophobic

Answer 4

water fearing

Question 5

hydrophilic

Answer 5

water loving

Question 6

biological barrier

Answer 6

separates many substances from other cells

Question 7

membrane proteins

Answer 7

-peripheral (on surface)
-integral (spans the membrane)

Question 8

peripheral proteins

Answer 8

act as markers for cellular recognition and communication

Question 9

integral proteins

Answer 9

span the bilayer, act as channels for material the enter and exit the cell

Question 10

fluid mosaic model

Answer 10

constantly moving and changing, gives cell flexibility, movement. changes positions of the proteins

Question 11

3 functions of the cell membrane

Answer 11

1. barrier-keeps wastes and toxins out
2. organization-membranes surround and package materials in vesticles
3. selective filter-semipermeable (regulates by particle size and by selective transport by membrane proteins)

Question 12

3 substances transported into animal cells

Answer 12

-oxygen
-water
-sugar

Question 13

2 substances transported out of animal cells

Answer 13

-waste
-oxygen

Question 14

osmosis

Answer 14

area of high concentration to low through a semipermeable membrane

Question 15

passive transport

Answer 15

high to low concentration
low energy

Question 16

passive transport/diffusion

Answer 16

-molecules move randomly
-high to low concentration

Question 17

facilitated diffusion

Answer 17

carrier proteins bind to larger molecules that change their shape so molecules can diffuse

Question 18

channel proteins

Answer 18

provide water filled pores for charged ions to pass through

Question 19

concentration gradient

Answer 19

difference in concentration between high and low concentration areas

Question 20

equilibrium

Answer 20

particles never stop moving, always move across concentration gradient
(equal on both sides)

Question 21

Brownian Motion

Answer 21

S-space:between particles
P-particles:all materials made up of particles
A-attraction:all particles attracted to one another
M-movement:particles always moving

Question 22

active transport

Answer 22

low to high concentration-ATP required
carrier proteins usually needed

Question 23

endocytosis

Answer 23

endo-in

Question 24

2 types of endocytosis

Answer 24

1.phagocytosis-solids
2.pinocytosis-liquids

Question 25

large surface area

Answer 25

quicker/more efficient

Question 26

multicellular

Answer 26

specialization of cells rather than every cell doing everything

Question 27

as cell size increases

Answer 27

the SA:VOL ratio decreases

Question 28

as cells get bigger

Answer 28

the must become multicellular