Cell Injury

Question 1

What does reduced Na K ATPase activity result in?

Answer 1

Na+ Ca2+ and H20 influx
K+ efflux
Swelling
Microvilli loss
ER swelling
Myelin figures

Question 2

What condition is fat necrosis typically associated with?

Name a marker for this condition.

Answer 2

Acute pancreatitis

Amylase

Question 3

Define infarction.

Answer 3

Necrosis Caused by decrease in arterial blood flow.

Question 4

Name 2 causes of haemorrhagic infarcts and 2 organs that would undergo haemorrhagic infarction.

Answer 4

Re-perfusion
Raised venous pressure

Lungs, brain

Question 5

Name 3 factors that contribute to damage in ischaemia-reperfusion injury?

Answer 5

Increased production of oxygen free radicals
More neutrophil - inflammation
Complement protein delivery

Question 6

What is Mallory’s hyaline and what condition is it typically seen in?

Answer 6

Protein accumulation in hepatocytes

Alcoholic liver disease

Question 7

What is anthracosis?

If combined with emphysema what condition may develop?

Answer 7

Asymptomatic accusation of carbon in the lungs

Coal worker’s pneumoconiosis

Question 8

Name 3 tissues/ celltypes that would undergo irreversible cell injury under 60 minutes of complete cessation of blood supply.

Answer 8

Neurones (minutes)
Neurones
Renal tubules

Question 9

Name 2 things which can trigger the intrinsic apoptotic pathway.

What is the first protein to be activated?

Answer 9

DNA damage
Withdrawal from growth factors

p53

Question 10

What organs will haemosiderin be deposited in in hereditary haemochromatosis?

Answer 10

Heart
Pancreas
Skin
Liver