Cell Injury

Question 1

• Rule #1 of human disease?
• Vulnerable sites? (4)
• Why are membranes easily damaged?
• Why are ER? What helps?
• Point of no return in cells?
• Cause of necrosis?
• Coagulative necrosis: Dead cell remains? Ex? Pyknosis? Karorrhexis? Karyolysis?
• Liqufactive necrosis: Exploded cell with extensive what? Ex? (2)
• Causeus necrosis: Color? Ex?
• Fat necrosis: Leakage of what causes damage? Ex? (2)

Answer 1

• Human disease occurs b/c of damage to tissue
• Cell membranes, mitocondria, ER, nucleus
• Lipids are easily oxidized
• Acidic environment displace ribosome; HSP
• Increase Ca and low pH
• No ATP to support pumps
• As ghost like remanant; MI; dark shrunken nucleus; fragmented nucleus; chromatin broken down
• Autolysis; spleen brain
• Soft, friable tissue; TB
• Lipases; Pancreas, acute inflammation

Question 2

• Most common source of injury?
• Treatment? Problem with this?
• SOD helps convert O2- to what? Good or bad?
• Fenton rxn? Bad?
• Haber Weiss Rxn? Bad Rxn?
• Glutathionine peroxidase helps convert H2O2 to? (2) Good?
• Exertional Heat Stroke symptoms? (5)
• Classic heat stroke problems? (3)

Answer 2

• Hypoxia and ischemia
• Increase O2; increase oxygen radicals
• H2O2; both
• Fe2+ + H2O2 –> Fe3+ OH* + OH-; bad
• H202 + O2- –> OH* + OH- + O2; bad
• H20 and GSSG yes
• Hot dry skin; DIC; Rhabdo; Lactic acidosis; thrombis, renal failure
• hypotension, coma, respiratory alkalosis