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HISTO > Cell & Epithelium > Flashcards

Cell & Epithelium Flashcards

1
Q

[prophase]

the chromosomes condense, the nucleoli disappear and the mitotic spindle apparatus assembles

A

late prophase

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2
Q

[phases of mitosis]

The mitotic spindle has attached to the centromere of each chromosome and moves them through the “dance of mitosis”

A

metaphase

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3
Q

[cytoskeleton]

  • diameter: long and thin rods
  • fxn: withstand stretching & compression
  • protein type: Actin
  • structure: anchor one cell to another
A

microfilaments

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4
Q

[cell structures & organelles]

Movement of chromosomes during cell division

A

centriole

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5
Q

[cytoskeleton]

  • diameter: long and hollow
  • fxn: cellular movement
  • protein type: Tubulin
  • structure: cilia
A

microtubules

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6
Q

[cell structures & organelles]

where RNA is synthesized

A

nucleolus

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7
Q

[cell structures & organelles]

site of protein synthesis

A

free ribosome

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8
Q

[cells]

Somatic cells have two copies of the genome

A

diploid

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9
Q

[terminologies]

are the basic living, structural, and functional units in all tissues

A

cells

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10
Q

form membranes and hormones

A

lipids

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11
Q

[cell structures & organelles]

outer wall of the cell

A

plasma membrane

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12
Q

[cells]

Sperm and egg cells have only one copy of the genome

A

haploid

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13
Q

[phases of mitosis]

The mitotic spindle apparatus pulls the sister chromatids of each chromosome apart by attaching to each centromere and then pulling the chromatids to each pole of the cell

A

anaphase

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14
Q

[cell structures & organelles]

breaks down nutrients from food to provide energy

A

mitochondrion

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15
Q

five (5) phases of mitosis

A
  • interphase
  • prophase
  • metaphase
  • anaphase
  • telophase
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16
Q

[cytoskeleton]

  • diameter: intermediate between microtubules & microfilaments
  • fxn: strong inner framework in actively dividing skin cells
  • protein type: Protein dimer
  • structure: skin and nerve cells
A

intermediate filaments

17
Q

[terminologies]

  • microtubules
  • microfilaments
  • intermediate filaments
A

cytoskeleton

18
Q

[cells]

bone, blood, nerve, and muscle cells are __________

A

somatic cells

19
Q

provide energy

A

carbohydrates

20
Q

[cell structures & organelles]

houses the DNA

A

nucleus

21
Q

[phases of mitosis]

  • the chromosomes condense, making them distinguishable when using a light microscope
  • the chromosomes condense, the nucleoli disappear, and the mitotic spindle apparatus assembles
A

prophase

22
Q

three (3) phases of interphase

A
  • G1 phase
  • S phase
  • G2 phase
23
Q

maintaining stability and shape as well as assisting in cell-to-cell communication

A

proteins

24
Q

[terminologies]

is a form of cell division that produces 2 cells, each has the same complement of chromosomes as the parent cells

A

mitosis

25
Q

[metaphase]

drift away from the equator

A

telomeres

26
Q

[cell structures & organelles]

studded with ribosomes

A

rough ER

27
Q

[prophase]

the chromosomes condense, making them distinguishable when using a light microscope

A

early prophase

28
Q

a meshwork of protein rods and tubules that molds the distinctive structures of a cell, positioning organelles and providing a three-dimensional shape

A

cytoskeleton

29
Q

[terminologies]

  • plasma membrane
  • mitochondria
  • ribosomes
  • endoplasmic reticulum
  • golgi apparatus
  • secretory vesicles/granules
  • lysosomes
  • proteasomes
  • peroxisomes/microbodies
A

cytoplasmic organelles

30
Q

[interphase]

  • Before DNA synthesis, each of the cell’s chromosomes consists of one chromatid.
  • After DNA synthesis, each of the cell’s chromosomes consists of 2 genetically identical sister chromatids attached at the centromere
A

S phase

31
Q

[cell structures & organelles]

biochemical identity and cellular identity

A

glycocalyx

32
Q

[interphase]

The cell prepares the enzymes and machinery for mitosis

A

G2 phase

33
Q

[phases of mitosis]

  • the cell grows in size and carry out their normal day-to-day activities
  • Before DNA synthesis, each of the cell’s chromosomes consists of one chromatid. After DNA synthesis, each of the cell’s chromosomes consists of 2 genetically identical sister chromatids attached at the centromere
  • The cell prepares the enzymes and machinery for mitosis
A

interphase

34
Q

[cell structures & organelles]

Site of fatty acids and phospholipids synthesis

A

smooth ER

35
Q

two (2) phases of prophase

A
  • early prophase
  • late prophase
36
Q

[phases of mitosis]

cytokinesis begins (formation of daughter cells)

A

telophase

37
Q

[interphase]

the cell grows in size and carry out their normal day to day activities

A

G1 phase

38
Q

[metaphase]

aligned at the equator of the cell

A

centromeres

HISTO (6 decks)

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