Cell Divison Flashcards
What does heterozygous mean?
An individual with two different alleles
What does homozygous mean?
An individual with two identical alleles for a characteristic
What does genotype mean?
The genetic make up of something
What does phenotype mean?
The physical appearance of a characteristic that is expressed
What does recessive mean?
The characteristic that will only show up as long as the offspring inherits both alleles
What does dominant mean?
The characteristic which will show up in the offspring even if they only inherit one allele
What is genome?
Many chromosomes together
What is a chromosome?
Thread-like structure carrying the genetic information found in the nucleus
What is an allele?
A version of a particular gene that can be dominant or recessive
What is a gene?
A short section of DNA carrying genetic information and codes for specific proteins
What is differentiation?
Specialised for a particular function
What are stem cells?
Undifferentiated cells with the potential to form a wide variety of different cells types
What does embryo screening test?
Tests to diagnose disorders before the baby is born
What is an organelle?
Things inside a cell
Mitochondria, vacuole, nucleus etc
What is meiosis?
The 2 stage process of cell division which reduces the chromosome number of the daughter cells
Involved in the making of the gametes for sexual reproduction
