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Zoology Exam 1 > Cell Division and the Cell Cycle > Flashcards

Cell Division and the Cell Cycle Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three roles of cell division?

A

Reproduction, Growth and Development, Tissue renewal

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2
Q

What is mitosis?

A

cell division in which a parent cell divides once,giving rise to two daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell and to each other.

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3
Q

What is a genome?

A

All DNA of the cell

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4
Q

What is a chromosome?

A

Strands of DNA that contain genes

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5
Q

What is a gene?

A

Sequence of DNA that codes for a particular protein product.

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6
Q

What is chromatin?

A

Strands of DNA and associated proteins; uncondensed chromosomes.

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7
Q

What is the difference between chromatin and a chromosome?

A

Chromatin are condensed chromosomes. Chromosomes are uncondensed,

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8
Q

What are sister chromatid?

A

replicated chromosome attached by a centromere.

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9
Q

What is a centromere?

A

region in which sister chromatid are attached.

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10
Q

What are the TWO phases of the cell cycle?

A

Interphase and Mitotic phase.

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11
Q

What are the three stages of interphase?

A

G1 phase: growth phase proteins and organelles produced, S phase: synthesis phase DNA is duplicated, G2 phase: continued growth

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12
Q

What are the two components of the mitotic phase?

A

mitosis and cytokinesis

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13
Q

What events are occurring during interphase?

A

growth,DNA duplication and more growth

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14
Q

What events are occurring in a cell during prophase?

A

chromosomes condense, mitotic spindle and asters form

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15
Q

What are centrioles?

A

nine triplets of short microtubules; organize spindle microtubule formation

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16
Q

What is an aster?

A

short microtubules that form opposite of the spindle

17
Q

What are spindle fibers?

A

microtubules that form from centrosome

18
Q

What is a kinetochore?

A

protien region of centromere microtubules attach here

19
Q

What are centrosomes?

A

regions of cytoplasm around centrioles that organize microtubule formation

20
Q

What events are occurring in a cell during metaphase?

A

condensed chromosomes line up in middle

21
Q

What events are occurring during anaphase?

A

sister chromatid pulled apart by microtubules

22
Q

What events are occurring during telophase?

A

chromosomesare at poles, starting to decondense; nuclear envelope begins to reform

23
Q

What events occur during cytokinesis?

A

division of the cytoplasm

Zoology Exam 1 (5 decks)

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