Cell division Flashcards
What does mitosis replace?
Dead/damaged cells
How does mitosis help organisms?
Growth in number of cells so organisms can get bigger
What reproduction does mitosis occur in?
Asexual
What does mitosis result in?
2 genetically identical daughter cells
What are the benefits of mitosis?
- Quick
- Only 1 parent needed
- Alleles are identical
- Helps maximise optimal environmental factors
What are the 3 stages of the cell cycle?
Interphase
Mitosis
Cytokinesis
What are the 3 stages of interphase?
G1 phase
S phase
G2 phase
When a cell is interphase, what can it still do?
Carry out all biological functions
How much time does a cell spend in interphase?
About 90%
What is the S phase?
Synthesis - DNA molecule replicates by semiconservative replication
What is the G1 phase?
Getting all the raw material needed for DNA replication
It prepares for DNA replication
What materials do we need for DNA replication that is prepared in the G1 phase?
DNA helicase
DNA polymerase
DNA nucleotides
Phosphates
Deoxyribose bases
ATP
What is the G2 phase?
Increasing subcellular structures (e.g. cytoplasm, phospholipids, ribosomes)
Preparing the cell to divide
What is the protein that holds chromatids together after they have been replicated called?
Centromer - holds 2 genetically identical sister chromatids together
What are the 4 phases of mitosis?
Protophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telephase
