Cell division Flashcards
What does DNA stand for
Deoxyribonucleic acid
What is DNA
A chemical that all of the genetic material in a cell is made up from.
Where is DNA found
The nucleus of animal and plant cells
What are chromosomes
A long molecule of DNA found in the nucleus, which carries genes
What is a gene
A small section of DNA found in a chromosome.
What is a genome
the entire set of genetic material in an organism
How many chromosomes does a human have
46
How many chromosomes in a gamete
23
What does sexual reproduction involve
the fusion of male and female gametes. Because there are two parents, the offspring contain a mixture of their parents genes and are genetically different to their parents.
What is aesexual reproduction
There is only one parent. There is no fusion og gametes, no mixing of chromosomes and no genetic variation between parent and offspring. The offspring are genetically identical to the parent.
