cell division

Question 1

What are somatic cells?

Answer 1

all cells of the body apart from those involved in reproduction.
Somatic cells divide through the process of mitosis and contain the diploid (2 complete sets) number of chromosomes.

Question 2

what are germ cells?

Answer 2

the ova (within the ovaries) and spermatozoa (within the tetstes) cells.
germ cells divide by meiosis and contain the haploid (single set) of chromosomes.

Question 3

what is Mitosis?

Answer 3

the process of cell duplication where somatic cells are able to divide into two identical daughter cells.

Question 4

the four active stages of mitosis are?

Answer 4

1. prophase
2. metaphase
3. anaphase
4. telophase

followed by a resting stage called interphase.

Question 5

what is interphase?

Answer 5

the resting stage, chromosomes become visible and the cell prepares to divide

Question 6

what is prophase?

Answer 6

each chromosome replicates, forming two chromatids joined at the centromere.

Question 7

what is metaphase?

Answer 7

chromosomes or chromatids become arranged along the equator of the cell.

Question 8

what is anaphase?

Answer 8

chromatids seperate and move along the spindle to opposite poles of the cell.

Question 9

what is telophase?

Answer 9

cytoplasm begins to dividend nuclear membrane begins to reform.

Question 10

what are daughter cells?

Answer 10

after the telophase stage of mitosis, two identical daughter cells are produced containing the diploid number of chromosomes. Here the cells enter the resting stage (interphase) where the cells grow and prepare to divide again.

Question 11

_______ is a mutation in cells?

Answer 11

Cancer. The neoplastic (cancerous) cells have uncontrolled mitosis which results in a proliferation of cells forming a mass or tumour.

Question 12

what is meiosis?

Answer 12

the process where the germ cells divide twice within the ovary or testes. results in the production of sperm or ova containing half the normal number (the haploid number) of chromosomes.