Cell division Flashcards
Do cells divide more rapidly in an embryo or an adult and why
An embryo because a new organism is being formed
What is stage 1 of the cell cycle
.Cells grow while still acting normally
.They then replicate their DNA to form 2 copies of each chromosome
.Also duplicate sub-cellular structures
What is stage 2 of the cell cycle
Mitosis: one set of chromosomes pulled to each end of the cell which is dividing and the nucleus divides
What is stage 3 of the cell cycle
Cytoplasm + cell membrane divide to form 2 new identical cells
What 3 purposes does mitotic division have
. Growth
. Repair
. Development
When do offspring share identical genes to a parent
When they are produced through asexual reproduction
What are meristems
Actively dividing plant tissue
Why is it easy to clone plants
Because the cells can become unspecialised and differentiated into many different types of plant cells after mitosis
What are stem cells
Unspecialised cells
Give 3 reasons way plant clones are produced
.Research
.Horticulture (the art of cultivating plants)
.agriculture
Give an ethical objection to the use of embryonic stem cells
It is a violation of the embryo’s rights
Give a religious objection to the use of embryonic stem cells
We shouldn’t interfere with the natural processes of reproduction
Give a social objection to the use of embryonic stem cells
Money that could be used to treat other medical conditions is wasted on stem cell research
What is therapeutic cloning
An area of research where stem cells will hopefully be able to differentiate into many different types of cells and be used to treat conditions such as paralysis
How does therapeutic cloning reduce the risk of rejection
The cells would be identical to those of the adult who the embryo is being cloned from
