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Biology Pre Finals > Cell Diversity > Flashcards

Cell Diversity Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the five-kingdom scheme that is used to classify organisms

A 
Plantae
Fungi
Animalia
Protista
Monera
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2
Q

Only Kingdom _______ has members that are prokaryotes

A

Monera

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3
Q

Only Kingdom Monera has members that are prokaryotes, the rest of the kingdoms are _____

A

Eukaryotes

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4
Q

Greek words of Prokaryotes and its meaning

A

pro means before

karyon means nut or kernel

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5
Q

Are cells without a true nucleus however they have nucleoid

A

Prokaryotes

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6
Q

It is a region which contains most of their genetic material in the form of circular DNA

A

Nucleoid

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7
Q

The size of prokaryotic cell

A

Usually 1-5 micrometers

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8
Q

Some prokaryotes may also contain small, double-strands of separate DNA called plasmids

A

True

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9
Q

Which play a role in antibiotic resistance

A

Plasmids

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10
Q

Cell division happens though _____, a tupe of asexual reproduction that produces two identical cells

A

Binary Fission

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11
Q

______ and ______ are not observed in prokaryotes

A

Exocytosis and endocytosis

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12
Q

Greek words of eukaryotes and its meaning

A

eu means true

karyon means nut or kernel

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13
Q

Cells that have true nucleus which are bound by nuclear membrane

A

Eukaryotes

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14
Q

Size of eukaryotes

A

10-100 micrometers

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15
Q

The DNA of a eukaryotic cell is _____ with _____

A

Linear and histones

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16
Q

Proteins that package and order the DNA unto structural units

A

Histones

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17
Q

Unlike prokaryotes, eukaryotes have many organelles

Eukaryotes can also perform endocytosis and exocytosis

A

True

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18
Q

The cells of plants are capable of ______

A

Photosynthesis

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19
Q

Most photosynthetic processes in plants use the pigment?

A

Chlorophyll

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20
Q

Chlorophyll is also called as

A

Green pigment

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21
Q

A class of accessory pigments responsible for the yellow, orange, and red colors in plants, also helps in photosynthesis

A

Carotenoid

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22
Q

Chlorophyll is found in

A

Chloroplast

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23
Q

Carotenoids are found in

A

Chromoplast

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24
Q

Chloroplasts and chromoplasts are known as

A

Plastids

25
Q

Organelles responsible for pigment sythesis and storage

A

Plastids

26
Q

The flow of cytosol in the cell

A

Cytoplasmic streaming

27
Q

The plant cell has an additional covering which is mainly composed of cellulose

A

Cell wall

28
Q

Cellulose is a

A

Polysaccharide

29
Q

____ were initially classified under Kingdom Plantae.

A

Fungi

30
Q

Reason why Kingdom Fungi was separated from Kingdom Plantae

A

The cells of the members of Kingdom Fungi was separated from Kingdom Plantae

31
Q

The cells of fungi also have a cell wall, which is composed of _______, a polysaccharide similar to cellulose

A

Chitin

32
Q

Name some some cells found in animals

A

Osteocyte
Chondrocyte
Neuron
Epithelial cells

33
Q

It is a bone cell that makes up your bones. Your bones serve as your framework, and they help to support, move, and protect your body.

A

Osteocyte

34
Q

A cell that makes up your cartilage

A

Chondrocyte

35
Q

It gives flexible support to your body

A

Cartilage

36
Q

It is a nerve cell that is found in nervous system

A

Neuron

37
Q

The nueron transmits ____ throughout your body that helps you sense things around you.

A

Impulses

38
Q

A cell that can be classified based on their shapes

A

Epithelial cells

39
Q

Classification of epithelial cells based on their shapes

A 
Squamous cell (flattened in appearance) 
Cubodial cell (appears as square or cube) 
Columnar cell (shape is like a rectangle)
40
Q

Some of the functions of epithelial cells are

A

Protection, secretion, and absorption

41
Q

_____ are mostly unicellular organisms, unlike plants and animals which are multicellular. There are few ____ that are colonial and multicellular.

A

Protists

42
Q

The members of this kingdom include the _______, protists with animal-like characteristics

A

Protozoa (singular: protozoon or protozoan)

43
Q

Protozoa can be further subdivided into several groups based on the locomotory structures of their cells.

The members of the group _______ move by ________, cellular projections that act like false feet

A

Sarcodina move by pseudopodia (singular: pseudopodium)

44
Q

Protozoa can be further subdivided into several groups based on the locomotory structures of their cells.

The members of the group _______ move by using cilia

A

Ciliophora

45
Q

Protozoa can be further subdivided into several groups based on the locomotory structures of their cells.

The members of the group ________ move by using their flagella

A

Sarcomastigophora

46
Q

Protozoa can be further subdivided into several groups based on the locomotory structures of their cells.

Those who do not have locomotory structures are under the group ______

A

Sporozoa

47
Q

One of the groups in Kingdom Monera is _______, which are unicellular organisms

A

Eubacteria

48
Q

Members of Eubacteria may be described using their shape.

Those that appear circular are called

A

Cocci (singular: coccus)

49
Q

Members of Eubacteria may be described using their shape.

Those that look like rods are called

A

Bacilli (singular: bacillus)

50
Q

Members of Eubacteria may be described using their shape.

Those that appear spiral are called

A

Spirilla (singular: spirillum)

51
Q

3 members of eubacteria that are described using their shape

A

Cocci
Bacilli
Spirilla

52
Q

Two groups under Monera

A

Eubacteria

Archaebacteria

53
Q

Archaebacteria are ________, which means that they can live in a very harsh environments

A

Extremophiles

54
Q

4 groups of Archaebacteria

A

Halophiles
Thermophiles
Acidophiles
Methanogens

55
Q

A group of Archaebacteria that can live in a very salty environment

A

Halophiles

56
Q

A group of Archaebacteria that can live in very hot places

A

Thermophiles

57
Q

Group of Archaebacteria that prefer acidic environment

A

Acidophiles

58
Q

A group of Archaebacteria that produce methane as a waste product

A

Methanogens

Biology Pre Finals (5 decks)

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