CELL DEATH

Question 1

a state of irreversible injury. It may occur in the living body as a local or focal change and the changes that follow it, or result in end of the life.

Answer 1

Cell death

Question 2

Cells die by one of two mechanisms

Answer 2

necrosis or apoptosis.

Question 3

disintegration of the cell by its own hydrolytic enzymes liberated from lysosomes .

It occurs in the living body in places surrounded by inflammatory reaction or it may occur as post-mortem change in which there is complete absence of surrounding inflammatory response.

Answer 3

Autolysis (self digestion)

Question 4

defined as focal death along with protein denaturation & degradation of tissue by hydrolytic enzymes liberated by cells.

caused by various agents such as hypoxia, chemical and physical agents, microbial agents and immunological injury Two essential changes bring about irreversible cell injury in necrosis-cell digestion by lytic enzymes and denaturation of proteins

Answer 4

NECROSIS

Question 5

is a form of internally programmed coordinated cell death which is induced by a tightly regulated intracellular program.

Answer 5

APOPTOSIS or programmed cell death

Question 6

Apoptosis in Greek

Answer 6

“falling off” or “dropping off”

Question 7

Serves to eliminate cells with irreparable faulty DNA produced as a result of mutation etc, thereby preventing proliferation of defective cells. Helps in cessation of immune response.

Answer 7

apoptosis

Question 8

Chromatin condensation Cell shrinkage & membrane blebbing. Preservation of organelles and cell membranes Rapid engulfment by Macrophages preventing inflammation.

Answer 8

Apoptosis

Question 9

Nuclear swelling Cell swelling Disruption of organelles Rupture of cell and release of cellular contents Inflammatory response

Answer 9

Necrosis