Cell Cycle Flashcards
Gamete
they are also referred to as sex cells
Binary fission
the division of a single entity into two or more parts and the regeneration of those parts to separate entities resembling the original
Gene
a unit of heredity which is transferred from a parent to offspring and is held to determine some characteristic of the offspring
Chromosome
a threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes
Chromatid
each of the two threadlike strands into which a chromosome divides longitudinally during cell division
Centromere
a cellular structure involved in the process of cell division
Homologous Chromosome
two pieces of DNA within a diploid organism which carry the same genes, one from each parental source
Diploid
a cell or organism that has paired chromosomes, one from each parent
Haploid
the quality of a cell or organism having a single set of chromosomes
Zygote
a diploid cell resulting from the fusion of two haploid gametes; a fertilized ovum
Karyotype
the number and visual appearance of the chromosomes in the cell nuclei of an organism or species
Cell Cycle
a 4-stage process consisting of Gap 1 (G1), Synthesis, Gap 2 (G2) and mitosis
Interphase
the resting phase between successive mitotic divisions of a cell, or between the first and second divisions of meiosis
Mitosis
a type of cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus, typical of ordinary tissue growth
Cytokinesis
the cytoplasmic division of a cell at the end of mitosis or meiosis, bringing about the separation into two daughter cells
