Cell cycle Flashcards
1
Q
what is the eukaryotic cell cycle?
A
Cell replication (mitosis) involves a single cell dividing into two genetically identical daughter cells.
For cells to divide they must undergo the cell cycle
2
Q
what are the sections of interphase?
A
- G1 phase: Cell grows larger, organelles replicate
- G0 phase (not all cells): resting state
- S phase: Nucleus and DNA is replicated
G2 phase: Cell grows larger and increases energy stores
3
Q
what are the sections of mitosis?
A
- Prophase: Chromosomes condense, centrosomes move to opposite poles of the cell, nuclear membrane breaks down, spindle fibres begin forming
- Metaphase: Chromosomes line up along the equator of the cell, spindle fibres attach to centromere.
- Anaphase: Spindle fibres contract, splitting chromosomes by their centromere to opposite ends of the cell
Telophase: Chromosomes decondense, nuclear membranes form, spindle fibres disassemble.
4
Q
How does cytokineses occur in plant cells?
A
Cell plate begins to form along the midline of the parent cell, dividing the two cells
5
Q
How does cytokineses occur in animal cells?
A
the plasma membrane pinches in to form a cleavage furrow which extends until the cell separates