Cell Characteristics Flashcards
[1st Qtr] Gen Bio Q1
What characteristics do all living things share?
Growth and Development
Maintain Homeostasis
Reproduction
Response to Stimuli
Energy Processing
Organized
[GaDMReReEnOr]
The world’s simplest multi-cellular living organism
Sponges
Tiny; single-cell living organism
Bacteria
Other examples of living organism
Diatoms
Fungi Yeast
Viruses: living thing or not?
Non-living organism
Plants germinate, sprout, root, leaf out, and bloom mainly through the cellular level process of WHAT?
Mitosis
Plants germinate, sprout, root, leaf out, and bloom mainly through the cellular level process of mitosis.
Growth and Development
All organisms have the ability to grow and develop.
Growth and Development
These organisms utilize nourishment from their environment together with instructions coded by their genes.
Growth and Development
Examples of Growth and Development in multicellular organisms
Cell Growth
Cell Division
[GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT]
Most of the action takes place in _____ __ that includes undifferentiated cells that are capable of specialization.
Meristematic Tissue
[GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT]
The cell cycle begins with an ___ in which the cell __ __, _____, ___, ____ __, and ___ ___.
Interphase; secure nutrients, metabolizes, enlarges, synthesizes proteins, and replicates organelles
[GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT]
When conditions for cell division are optimal, the cell chromosomes __ and _ _ in the middle of the cell before being pulled apart by __ __.
Condense; line up; spindle fibers
[GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT]
In each cell a nucleus reforms to __ _ ___, and a _ _ divides the two cells by _____.
Contain the chromosomes; cell plate; cytokinesis
The process through which the plant increases in size.
Plant growth
Has healthy leaves and strong stem.
Mature plant
The _ ___ is used during photosynthesis while the growth process is enhanced by the __ _ ___.
Light energy; uptake of nutrients
The temperature regulation requirements determine dietary caloric requirements and thus the use of niches and resources.
Maintain Homeostasis
A thing or event that triggers a specific functional reaction in an organ or tissue
Stimuli
Maintaining a steady state of internal condition despite varying conditions.
Homeostasis
Common method of modification of the heat exchange for most mammals.
Piloerection
[MAINTAIN HOMEOSTASIS]
Bodies of smooth muscle that extend from the fibrils of the dermis into connective tissue investment of hair follicle cause the contraction of WHAT?
Musculi Arrectores Pilorum (MAP)
Elevates the hair and increases the coat loft, thus increasing its insulative value.
MAP Contraction
A part of an arm and central disc becomes detached from the “parent” and develops into an individual sea star.
Reproduction
The process of succeeding generations through sexual or asexual processes, which involves passing down of genes from parents to their offspring.
Reproduction
Mangrove are capable of growing under extreme environmental conditions such as high and changing salinity and frequent tidal inundation.
Response to Stimuli
Process of an organism adjusting to better match its environment.
Adaptation
___ __ _ ___ is considers a positive response while ___ __ _ ___ is a negative response.
Reaction towards stimulus; reaction away from stimulus
Oxygenic photosynthesis is the most common and is seen in algae, cyanobacteria and plants.
Energy processing
All organisms require ___ for their cellular metabolic activities to occur.
Energy
Two types of photosynthetic processes
Oxygenic Photosynthesis
Anoxygenic Photosynthesis
Light energy transfers electrons from water (H2O - oxidized; loses electrons) to carbon dioxide (CO2 - reduced; receives electrons) in order to produce carbohydrates.
Oxygenic Photosynthesis
Makes use of electron donors other than water.
Anoxygenic Photosynthesis
Contains no by-product of oxygen
Anoxygenic Photosynthesis
The human body has 11 systems— some have overlapping functions. Plants only have two organ systems.
Organized
In order to function properly and compliment each other to support life forms of an individual.
Organized