Animal Tissues Flashcards
epithelial tissues
simple squamous
simple cuboidal
stratified squamous
pseudostratified columnar
simple columnar
sc squared ss squared pc
connective tissues
dense CT
loose CT
bone
blood
hyaline cartilage
elastic cartilage
fibrocartilage
protects underlying tissues, absorbs, secretes, excretes
epithelial tissues
binds parts, supports other tissue types, fill in spaces
connective tissues
compact arrangement of cells
epithelial tissues
presence of basement membrane
epithelial tissues
binds the epithelium together and separates from underlying connective tissue
basement membrane
avascular
epithelial tissues
consists of closely packed sheets of cells covering surfaces (including the outsides of the body and cavities of the body wall)
epithelial tissues
outer layer of your skin & lining of your small intestine
epithelial tissues
closely packed; helps serve as barriers to fluid movement and potentially harmful microbes
epithelial tissues
specialized junctions connect the cells which bind them tightly together to prevent leakage
epithelial tissues
flat; lines the heart, blood and lymphatic vessels, body cavities, and alveoli
simple squamous
cube; lines the kidney tubules and covers ovaries
simple cuboidal
elongated and ciliated
simple columnar
lines most organs of the digestive tract (stomach, intestines)
simple columnar
some cells are shorter than others
pseudostratified columnar
nuclei appear at different heights from the basement membrane
pseudostratified columnar
lines the respiratory tract (trachea)
pseudostratified columnar
protects against abrasion
stratified squamous
lines the esophagus, mouth, and outer portion of the skin
stratified squamous
[ONE LAYER]
diffusion & filtration
squamous
[ONE LAYER]
secretion in serious membranes
squamous
[MORE THAN ONE LAYER]
protection
squamous & cuboidal
[ONE LAYER]
secretion and absorption
cuboidal & columnar
[ONE LAYER]
ciliated types propel mucus or reproductive cells
cuboidal & columnar
[MORE THAN ONE LAYER]
protection; rare in humans
cuboidal
supports and binds other tissues
connective tissues
most abundant and widely distributed tissues
connective tissues
functions as protection
connective tissues
made up of many different types of cells
connective tissues
varying amounts of extracellular matrix (ground substance and fibers)
connective tissues
variable in type and amount
matrix
CT fibers types
collagenous
reticular
elastic
loose CT
areolar
adipose
reticular
CT types
dense CT
loose CT
bone
blood
hyaline cartilage
elastic cartilage
fibrocartilage
provides strength and flexibility
collagenous
joins connective tissue to adjacent tissues
reticular
forms the internal skeleton
reticular
makes tissues elastic
elastic
matrix
ground substance and fibers
ground substance
water, proteins, polysaccharide
osseous tissue
bone
calcified by calcium salts organized around collagen fibers arranged in concentric rings
bone matrix
concentric rings
lamella
ability to protect and support other organs
bone
cavities where bone cells are lodged
lacunae
bone cells
osteocytes
dense fibrous tissue’s main matrix
collagen fibers
crowded between the collagen fibers are row of ?
fibroblasts
fiber-forming cells
fibroblasts
manufactures the building blocks of fibers
fibroblasts
forms tendons and ligaments
dense fibrous tissue
attached skeletal muscles to bones
tendon
bones to bones at joints
ligaments
most widely distributed connective tissue in the body
areolar LCT
soft, pliable, “cobwebby”
areolar LCT
cushions and protects the body organs it wraps
areolar LCT
universal packing tissue and connective tissue (glue)
areolar LCT
holds the internal organs together and in their proper positions
areolar LCT
relatively loosely arranged collagen and elastic fibers
areolar LCT
highly cellular
areolar LCT
contains fibroblasts, immune cells, and endothelial cells (capillaries)
areolar LCT
you can find adipocytes and greater amounts of unstained regions due to extraction of ground substance during tissue processing
areolar LCT
found directly underlying epithelia that covers body surfaces or line internal surfaces
areolar LCT
fat
adipose LCT
forms the subcutaneous tissue beneath the skin
adipose LCT
adipose LCT’s function
cushions, supports, insulates, and acts as filler tissue
adipose LCT’s main role
energy storing reservoir
insulate body from extreme temperatures
cushion vital organs
secrete hormones & biological factors
mostly present during fetal life and in infants
brown adipose LCT
forms the stroma
reticular LCT
bed or mattress; the internal framework of an organ
stroma
mostly made up of connective tissue, blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves
stroma
has a network of reticular fibers made of type III collagen
reticular LCT
net/network
reticular
supporting stricture of the bone marrow, liver, and lymphoid organs
reticular LCT
lymphoid organs
spleen
lymph nodes
tonsils
found in the kidney, spleen, lymph nodes, and bone marrow
reticular LCT
surrounded by nonliving, fluid matrix
blood
the nonliving, fluid matrix
blood plasma and the formed elements (cells, corpuscles, and fragments)
soluble protein molecules that become visible only during blood clotting
“fibers” of blood
specialized fluid connective tissue
blood
consists of some cells suspended in a liquid intercellular substance known as ?
blood; plasma
connects all systems of the body (transports oxygen, nutrients, and wastes)
blood
two parts of blood
plasma
blood cells (erthrocyte - rbc, leukocyte - wbc, thrombocyte - platelet)
supports the external ear
elastic cartilage
most flexible cartilage
elastic cartilage
supports parts of your body that need to bend and move to function
elastic cartilage
can bounce back to its original shape evern after a strong force
elastic cartilage
forms the supporting structures of the larynx (voice box), attach the ribs to the breastbone, and covers the ends of many bones
hyaline cartilage
skeleton of a fetus is made of ?
hyaline cartilage
exceptions of hyaline cartilage
epiphyseal (growth)
plate in long bones (allow the bones to grow in length during youth)
forms the cushion-like disks between the vertebrae of the spinal column
fibrocartilage
very strong; found predominantly in the intervertebral disks of the spine and at the insertions of ligaments and tendons
fibrocartilage
main function of fibrocartilage
act as cushion within joints
helps manage compression forces and reduce stress placed on joints
fibrocartilage
spindle-shaped fibers
smooth muscle tissue
fibers seem to anastomose with adjacent ones
cardiac muscle tissue
elongated with multi-nucleated fibers, alternating dark and light bands
skeletal tissue
specialized to receive and transmit impulses from one part of the body to other parts
neurons
supports the nerve cells
neuroglial cells
receipt, processing, and transmission of information
nervous tissue
responsible for voluntary movements; attached to the bones by tendons
skeletal muscle tissue
lacks striations
smooth muscle tissue
found in the walls of the digestive tract, urinary bladder, arteries, and other internal organs
smooth muscle tissue
forms the contractile wall of the heart
cardiac muscle tissue
has branched fibers that interconnect via intercalated disks which relay signals from cell to cell and help synchronize heart contraction
cardiac muscle tissue
helps in movement and locomotion
muscular tissue
supports the bones and other structures
muscular tissue
responsible for peristalsis and parturition
muscular tissue
has elongated cells called
muscular tissue; muscle fibers
specialized for contraction to produce movement
muscle fibers
exhibits syncytium and striations or striae
muscle fibers
makes up the peripheral and central nervous system
nervous tissue
develops from the ectoderm of the embryo
nervous tissue
possesses the ability to initiate and transmit the nerve impulse
nervous tissue
concerned with the transmission of impulses from one part of the body to another
nervous tissue
basic units of the nervous system
neurons
structural and functional unit of the nervous system
neurons
comprises of an axon, cell body, and dendrites
neurons
receives nerve impulses from other neurons via its cell body and multiple extensions called
dendrites
transmit impulses to neurons muscles, or other cells via extensions called
axons
various types that help nourish, insulate, and replenish neurons and in some cases, modulate neuron function
neuroglia
special cells found in the brain and spinal cord
neuroglia
provide support to the neurons and fibers
neuroglia
function as endocrine organs
neurosecretory cells
release chemical from axons directly into blood
neurosecretory cells
