cell biology 2

Question 1

moving from low concentration to high concentration

Answer 1

facilitated diffusion

Question 2

examples of facilitated diffusion

Answer 2

Glut 1(glucose transporter)
chloride bicarbonate exchange (an example of antiport)
coupled port

Question 3

solutes diffusing down the concentration gradient it is favorable

Answer 3

exogenic process

Question 4

Transport protein

Answer 4

eukaryotic
channel protein

Question 5

for glucose output

Answer 5

Glut 1

Question 6

for water active ion in channels

Answer 6

coupled

Question 7

ion channel function

Answer 7

play a role in many types of cellular communication
con

Question 8

muscle construction and electric signaling nerve cell

Answer 8

maintain salt balance in cells and air ways linking to the lungs

Question 9

reversible phase one

Answer 9

convert ATP-ADP

Question 10

They are sensitivity to inhibition by _

Answer 10

vanadate

Question 11

Types of transport ATPase

Answer 11

p-type
v-type
f-type
ABC type

Question 12

sensitive to things like vanadate, get phosphorylation, break down ATP to ADP

Answer 12

P-type

Question 13

found Witten organelles, multicomponent subunit ATP found in organelle is

Answer 13

V-type

Question 14

found in bacteria mitchichondris

Answer 14

v-type

Question 15

found in bacteria mitochondria, and chloroplast

Answer 15

F-p

Question 16

require ATP in order to move things around

Answer 16

active transport

Question 17

converting exogenic process to a favorable process ATP processes can be padded to it along.

Answer 17

Active transport

Question 18

the molecules are given to pass regularly through it are going to be hydrophobic or non polar substrate

Answer 18

lipid bilayer

Question 19

asymmetric and it prominent lipid is the phospholipid

Answer 19

lipid bilaayers

Question 20

are the most abundant lipids in membranes

Answer 20

phospholipids

Question 21

are formed by the addition of carbohydrates and lipids

Answer 21

glycolipids

Question 22

• is important because it’s going to increase membrane fluid at low temperate and also going to decrease fluid at high temperature keeping it to completely turn into liquid

Answer 22

cholesterol

Question 23

cholesterol

Answer 23

stabilize and maintain membranes

Question 24

are able to move around and within the membrane

Answer 24

proteins

Question 25

different types of proteins

Answer 25

rotational lateral and transverse diffusion of the proteins
the list common is transverse

Question 26

outer membrane to inner membrane. usually get rotational and lateral movement within the membrane but will not see flip-flop, very often.

Answer 26

flip-flop (only time to see transverse diffusion)

Question 27

phospholipids above their axes can occur

Answer 27

rotation

Question 28

can also move within the monolayer, via lateral diffusion

Answer 28

phospholipids

Question 29

found in the outer or inner layer. they are dynamic and act as a point of binding for cytoplasm. Help information organization formation in cytoplasm and help in cell signaling and transportation.

Answer 29

lipid raft

Question 30

act as detect and respond to extracellular signal

Answer 30

cytoskeleton

Question 31

transport nutrients and ions across the membrane
binding activated immune system cells to their microbial target
transporting toxin into intestinal fluid

Answer 31

functions of lipid raft

Question 32

is the most often seen in enzymes involved in degradation of polymers

Answer 32

group specificity

Question 33

enzymes have very high

Answer 33

substrate specificity

Question 34

oxidoreductase undergo

Answer 34

reduction reaction

Question 35

transferase

Answer 35

transfer functional group from one molecule to the other

Question 36

hydrolase

Answer 36

cleavage of one molecules into two molecules

Question 37

isomerase

Answer 37

move a functional group into one moleclue

Question 38

enzymes are characterized by the

Answer 38

sensitivity to temperature

Question 39

are usually metals ions or small organic molecules called coenzymes ( a lot of them require cofactors)

Answer 39

prosthetic group

Question 40

they increase reaction rates by lowering the activation energy needed.
They formed transient, reversible complexes with substrate molecules.
they change the rate at which equilibrium is achieved, not the position on the equilibrium.

Answer 40

3 basic properties of catalysts

Question 41

what overomme activation barrier

Answer 41

catalysts

Question 42

are sensitive to factors such as molecules and ions that act as inhibitors of the environment

Answer 42

enzymes

Question 43

most enzymes are sensitive to _ of the environment.

Answer 43

ionic strength

Question 44

The_ of enzyme activity plays a vital role as the control mechanism in cell

Answer 44

inhibition

Question 45

inhibitor of the greatest of enzymologists are _ and _

Answer 45

substrate and transition analogues

Question 46

what bind to active side of an enzyme

Answer 46

competitive inhibitors

Question 46

what bind to active side of an enzyme

Answer 46

competitive inhibitors

Question 47

what binds to inhibitor side and alters the active side, causing conformation changes?

Answer 47

non competitive

Question 47

what binds to inhibitor side and alters the active side, causing conformation changes?

Answer 47

non competitive

Question 48

term to be like poison, binds to the enzyme covalently, causing permanent loss of catalytic activity, and are generally toxic to cells

Answer 48

irreversible inhibitors

Question 49

bind to enzymes noncovalently and can dissociate from the enzyme.

Answer 49

reversible inhibitors

Question 50

example of irreversible inhibitors

Answer 50

heavy metal ion, nerve gas poisons, some insecticieds

Question 51

means permanent loss of cartilage activating in the enzyme

Answer 51

covalent binding.