cell biology

Question 1

ATP is going to reproduce in

Answer 1

Phase 2 and 3

Question 2

Step 1 and 2

Answer 2

generate ATP

Question 3

Phase 2 and 3

Answer 3

produce ATP

Question 4

Phase 1

Answer 4

consume ATP

Question 5

Glycolysis is broken into

Answer 5

3 phase

Question 6

Step 1-5

Answer 6

Phase 1

Question 7

Step 6 and 7

Answer 7

Phase 2

Question 8

Step 8-10

Answer 8

Phase 3

Question 9

1 and 3

Answer 9

consume ATP

Question 10

7 and 10

Answer 10

Produce ATP

Question 11

Phase 1 (Gly 1 and Gly 5)

Answer 11

preparatory and cleavage step

Question 12

Phase 2 (Gly 6 and Gly 7)

Answer 12

oxidative sequence, which is the first ATP generating event.

Question 13

ATP is not generated in fermentation
T/F

Answer 13

True

Question 14

Two different type of fermentation is

Answer 14

alcoholic and lactic acid fermentation (end goal of all this is to regenerate NAD+

Question 15

Positron

Answer 15

radioactive isotope glucan of glucose

Question 16

essentially utilizing positron cancer cell in other to detect and indicate them in the body

Answer 16

positron emission therapy

Question 17

Positron Emission therapy

Answer 17

used to image out to determine location of the body tumor.

Question 18

Excessive glucose consumption by cancer cells can be diagnosed by a procedure called

Answer 18

Positron emission therapy (PET)

Question 19

Patient are given fluoride oxyglucose to radioactive glucose analogue to be able

Answer 19

to image cancer cells from fluorescent.

Question 20

hydrolysis and ATP releases about

Answer 20

-7.3 Kcal (exogenic and favorable)

Question 21

The phosphate group are linked together by _ bonds and to ribose by a _ bond

Answer 21

Phosphoanhydride, phosphoester

Question 22

The phosphate group are linked together by _ bonds and to ribose by a _ bond

Answer 22

Phosphoanhydride, phosphoester (energy coms from)

Question 23

the phosphor and the hydrated bond between the phosphate get

Answer 23

cleavage and have a lot of energy

Question 24

catabolic

Answer 24

breaking down molecules

Question 25

catabolic

Answer 25

breaking down molecules

Question 26

anabolic

Answer 26

building molecules (it requires energy input to build).

Question 27

For gamma unit to rotate t has to go through

Answer 27

each different stage ( 3 stages are need and 3 protein to rotate)

Question 28

The 3 conformation are

Answer 28

Lose, tight, open (in gamma subunit)

Question 29

Lose

Answer 29

bins ADP and Pi, losely

Question 30

tight

Answer 30

Catalyze formation of ATP and Binds ADP and PI tightly

Question 31

tight

Answer 31

Catalyze formation of ATP and Binds ADP and Pi tightly

Question 32

Open

Answer 32

lower affinity to either substrate or product.

Question 33

require 3 protons in order to generate ATP

Answer 33

complex 1

Question 34

produce proton gradient, push 10 protons (hydrogen ions) across a membrane which will be utilized by ATP

Answer 34

comple1,3,4

Question 35

need 3 protons to rotate the ATPase through it 3 conformation forms. Establish proon gradient

Answer 35

complex 1,3,4

Question 36

do not contribute to the generation of a proton. it helps pas an electron gradient

Answer 36

complex 2

Question 37

allosterically inhibited by ATP, NADH, and Acetyl CoA and high (ATP)/(ADP) ratio (enzyme: PHD Kinase)

Answer 37

PHD

Question 38

_ is activated by AMP, NAD, and free CoA and a low (ATP)/(ADP) ratio (enzyme: PDH phosphatases'

Answer 38

PDH

Question 39

The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDH) is reversibly inactivated by _ and activated by _

Answer 39

phosphorylation, dephosporlylation

Question 40

PDH is inhibited by _ which is abundant where energy is plentiful

Answer 40

ATP

Question 41

PDH and isocitrate dehydrogenase are activated by _ and _ which are more abundant when energy is needed

Answer 41

AMP, ADP

Question 42

Bacteria in plant generate - (citric cycle step 5)

Answer 42

ATP

Question 43

Bacteria in animals generate_ (step 5 generate energy molecule in animals is _)

Answer 43

GTP

Question 44

The Mitochondria matrix is analogous to the

Answer 44

cytoplasm bacteria

Question 45

has the potential of generating up to 38 ATP molecules per glucose (e.g eukaryotic cell)

Answer 45

aerobic respiration

Question 46

Aerobic respiration

Answer 46

flow of electron through electron chain

Question 47

The _ is a trimeric transmembrane protein with one alpha, beta and y subunit

Answer 47

pump

Question 48

The_ subunit contains binding sites for sodium and ATP on the cytoplasmic side and potassium and ATP on the external side

Answer 48

Alpha

Question 49

The function of the other two are

Answer 49

are yet understood

Question 50

movement going done the concentration gradient and negative

Answer 50

exergonic (-delta G)

Question 51

movement going up the concentration gradient

Answer 51

endogenic (+ delta G)

Question 52

move solute against the concentration gradient.

Answer 52

transport protein

Question 53

Different type of membrane transport

Answer 53

simple transport facilitated diffusion, primary active transport.

Question 54

the unassisted net movement of a solute from high to lower concentration

Answer 54

facilitated diffusion

Question 55

usually gases, nonpolar or small polar molecules such as water, glycerol, or ethanol

Answer 55

facilitaed diffusion

Question 56

the movement of water from low concentration to high concentration with water is

Answer 56

osmosis (diffusion move towards equilibrium)

Question 57

movement of water from low concentration to high concentration without movement of water

Answer 57

osmosis(diffusion towars equilibrium)