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Animal Biology > Cell biology > Flashcards

Cell biology Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is cytoplasm?

A

Platform upon which other organelles can operate

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2
Q

What is the cell membrane

A

Membrane enclosing the cell

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3
Q

What are the 2 functions of the cell membrane

A

Provide cell structure

Barrier between intracellular and extracellular fluid

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4
Q

What are the 3 functions of the nucleus.

A

Storing and copying DNA
Transferring information to ribosomes
Decide which proteins will be made

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5
Q

What is the function of the Nucleolus

A

Production of ribosomes

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6
Q

What are the ribosomes

A

Complex op RNA and proteins

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7
Q

What is the function of ribosomes

A

Formation of proteins by reading RNA

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8
Q

What is the function of the Golgi-complex

A

Factory in which proteins received from ER are further processed and sorted for transport to their eventual destinations

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9
Q

What are the 4 functions of the Endoplasmatic reticulum

A

Membrane synthesis
Protein synthesis and processing
Lipid synthesis
Calcium storage and release

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10
Q

What is the function of lysosomes

A

Hydrolyzing macromolecules

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11
Q

What is the function of the mitochondria

A

Powerhouse of the cell

Generate ATP

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12
Q

What are the 5 major functions of the cell

A 
Provide structure and support
Facilitate growth
Produce energy
Create metabolic reactions
Reproduction
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13
Q

What are the key characteristics of a prokaryotic cell

A

No cell nucleus (DNA free in the cell)
Only unicellar

exp: Bacteria

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14
Q

What are the key characteristics of a eukaryotic cell

A

Membrane bound organelles
Can specialize
Usually multi-cellar

exp: Plants, Animals

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15
Q

What are the 4 types of tissue

A

Epithelial
Nervous
Muscle
Connective

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16
Q

What is the function of epithelial tissue

A

Covering of all body surfaces, line body cavities and hollow organs, and are the major tissue in glands.

17
Q

What is the function of nervous tissue

A

Responsible for coordinating and controlling many body activities.

18
Q

What is the function of muscle tissue

A

Composed of cells that have the special ability to shorten or contract in order to produce movement of body parts.

19
Q

What is the function of connective tissue

A

Form a framework and support for organs and the body as a whole, store fat, transport substances, protect against disease, and help repair tissue damage

20
Q

What is the level of organisation in a organism

A

cell-tissue-organ-organsystem-organism

21
Q

What is homeostasis

A

Homeostasis is the ability of an organism or environment to maintain stability in spite of changes
The capacity to regulate the internal environment of a mammal so as to maintain a stable, constant condition

22
Q

What are the 3 ways of cellular communication

A

Hormones
Neurotransmitters
Cytokines ( defense system)

23
Q

What are the functions of protein?

A 
Building molecules
Provide structure
Making enzymes
Copy DNA & RNA
Sending and receiving messages
24
Q

When is a compound organic

A

When it contains carbon (C)

25
Q

What are the basic life processes

A 
Take in material
Release energy from food
Release wastes
Grow
Respond to the environment
Reproduce
26
Q

What are the Nervous system and Endocrine system connected?

A

The Hypothalamus Pituitary Axis (HPA)

27
Q

What are the characteristics of the nervous system

A

Fast working
Works through an electrical impulse
Lasts briefly

28
Q

What are the characteristics of the endocrine system

A

Slow working
It works based on hormones
Long lasting

29
Q

Cortisol in an example of a negative feedback loop wat does that mean?

A

The release of cortisol gives a negative feedback to the adrenal cortex, stopping the release of cortisol

Animal Biology (6 decks)

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