Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

M&C 1B > Cell Adhesion > Flashcards

Cell Adhesion Flashcards

1
Q

What is a inter cellular junction?

A

Protein complexes at specific sites of the cell membranes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Organized contacts of cells with one another involves?

A 
Adhesion 
Define cellular domains 
Control permeability 
Intracellular signaling 
Intercellular communication/signal transmission
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Organized contact between cells and extracellular matrix involves?

A

Anchoring

Intracellular signaling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the components of a inter-cellular junction

A

Transmembrane (adhesive portion)
Cytoplasmic (adapter portion)
Cytoskeletal filament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the two arrangements inter-cellular junctions can take?

A

Macula: patch like junction of limited content
Zonula: junction which encircles the entire cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Junctional complex and Intercalated disc are examples of what?

A

Junctional combinations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the different types of junctions?

A 
Gap junction (communicating) 
Tight junction (occluding, zonula occludens)
Adherens Junction
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Adherens juntions can be further divided into two more catagories. What are they

A

Cells attaching to other cells

Cells attaching to/anchoring in the extracellular matrix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Cells attaching to other cells involves?

A

Adhering juntion - zonula adherens

Desmosome - macula adherens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Cells anchoring to extracellular matrix involves?

A

Hemidesmosomes

Focal adhesions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is a Gap junction?

A

Plaque like junction

Connects cell membranes neighboring cells close together; intercellular space only 2-3nm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Where can Gap junctions be found?

A

In all basic tissue types

Common in epithelial cells, smooth muscle, cardiac muscle cells, neuronal cells, and osteocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the intergral membrane protein for Gap junctions?

A

Connexin - different members of connexin family result in difference in permeability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is a connexon?

A

connexins joining together to form a connexin hemichannel

- has to central channels (2nm)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is a hydrophilic channel?

A

This is formed when one connexon of one cells connects to connexons in adjacent cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How is a Gap junction formed?

A

alignment of ten to hundreds of connexon pairs hexagonally packed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the channels formed by Gap junctions?

A

Gap junctions form aqueous channels between cytoplasm of adjacent cells where passage of small signaling molecules and ions pass.
Connected cells are electrically coupled to coordinate response to stimuli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is a tight junction?

A

Junctions that anastamose strands of adhesive transmembrane proteins
Linear series of contacts to proteins of adjacent cell
Intracellular spae obliterated at contact site
encircles the entire cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Where are tight junctions typically found?

A

found close to the apical end of cuboidal or columnar epithelial cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are the transmembrane proteins for tight junction called?

A

They are members of the claudin family (4 pass membrane proteins)
Also occludin, junctional adhesive molecule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

How do transmembrane adhesive molecules typically interact?

A

Interact homotypically with proteins in adjacent cell

Interact with some cytoplasmic proteins; kinases, transcription factors, cell polarity-related proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Which filament is associated with Tght junctions?

A

Actin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the functions of tight junctions?

A

They inhibit/control movement of ions and small molecules in intercellular space
Movement of membrane proteins is limited
Cell adhesion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

The tightness (permiability) of a tight junction is based on?

A

Depends on the number of junctional strands, their completeness, and type of adhesive protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What is a adherens junction?
hold cells together or attach/anchored to extracellular matrix Intercellular space between attached cells: 20nm wide at location of adhesive junction
26
What are adhesive junctions are typically involved in?
intra - cellular signaling ( nuclear transcription, tumor suppression, differentiation)
27
Deficiency in adheren junctions can cause what?
Loss of contact to adjacent cells or extracellular matrix may trigger apoptosis or result in loss of polarity
28
Cell to cell adhesive junctions?
- Transmembrane adhesive proteins members of cadherin (calcium ion dependent proteins) family - Cytoplasmic adapter proteins members of the catenin family
29
Cell to EXM adhesive junction?
Similar to cell to cell but transmembrane proteins members of integrin family (heterodimers with alpha and beta subunits)
30
What are characteristics of adheren junctions?
On the cytoplasmic face - electron-lucent intracellular space and "fuzzy" plaque Encircles entire cell (zonula) Contribute to adhesive force between one and another Support apical domain of epithelial cell Intracellular signaling
31
Which cytockeletal element are adheren junctions associated with?
Actin (continuous with apical terminal web)
32
Where are adheren junctions typically found?
found basal to tight junction zonula in epithelial cells
33
What is the transmembrane adhesive protein for Adheren junctions?
E-cadherin (nectin)
34
What is the cytoplaasmic adapter protein for adherin junctions?
alpha and beta - cadherin (p120 catenin, afadin, vinculin, and apla actinin)
35
What do the Catenins interact with?
The cytoplasmic domain of transmembrane proteins, cytoskeletal protein, and other cytoplasmic proteins
36
What are desmosomes?
Disk shaped adhesive junctions (macula) electron dense cytoplasmic attachment plaque Intercellular space (30nm/wider that ZA) filed with highly ordered proteins
37
Where are desmosomes found?
basal to zonula adherens in epithelial cells in bands encircling cell as well as scattered over lateral cell surface. Common in may types of tissues
38
What are the transmembrane adhesive proteins for desmosome?
(cadherins) -- desmoglein, desmocolin
39
The electron dense line in desmosomes is formed by?
The interaction of cadherin from adjacent cells | Located in intracellular space
40
What are the cytoplasmic adapter proteins of desmosomes?
(catenins) - desmoplakin, plakoglobin, plakophilin
41
What is the cytoplasmic element associated with desmosomes>
``` Intermediate filaments (anchoring in catenin plaques) Type depends on tissue type Provide firm adhesion among cells ```
42
What is a junctional complex?
Symetrical structures formed between adjacent cells and consist of three parts?
43
What are the three parts of a junctional complex?
1. A band of tight junctions (TJ) - forming an occluding zone in the top protion 2. a band of anchoring junctions in the middle position (zonula adherins/ZA 3. a circle of spot desmosomes (DES) in the bottom position (macula adherens)
44
Where are junctional complexes found?
cardiac muscle - intercalated disc
45
What is the basil lamina/basement membrane?
Sheet like arrangement of extracellular matrix proteins (ca. 20-100 nm wide)
46
What is the function of the basement membrane?
``` bind epithelium to underlying connective tissue and provid metabolic support Filters material (barrier funciton) controls epithelial growth and differentiatio; prevents downward epithelial growth ```
47
Where are basement membranes found?
epithelial tissue, muscle cells, and nerve fibers
48
What are the components of the basement membrane?
``` Hepara sulfate Collagen Type IV Fibrinectin Lamin Entactin Collagen Type III Collagen Type VII ```
49
What are the layers to the basement membrane?
Lamina lucida Lamina densa Lamina fibroreticularis
50
What is a hemidesmosome?
Provides tight anchoring of epithelial cells to the basal lamina and underlying connective tissue Plaque like adhesive junction morphologically similar to a half-desmosome
51
What do hemidesmosomes form?
The basal side of certain epithelial cells in zone of contact with basal lamina
52
what is the transmembrane adhesive protein of hemidesmosomes?
integrin (alpha6beta4)
53
what do integrin bind?
bind to basal lamina glycoprotein laminin
54
What is the cytoplasmic adapter protein for hemidesmosomes?
bulbous pemphigoid antigen 230; p-lectin
55
What forms the dense plaque in hemidesmosomes?
Cytoplasmic proteins
56
What is the cytoskeletal element associated with hemidesmosomes?
intermediate filaments (anchoring in plaque)
57
What are focal adhesion?
Dynamic assembly of many different (more than 50) proteins
58
What are the functions of focal adhesions?
Provide linage of cell to ECM | Intracellular signaling
59
What is the transmembrane adhesive protein involved with focal adhesion?
Integrin heterodimers
60
What are the cytoplasmic adapter proteins involved with focal adhesion?
alpha-actin, vinculin, talin
61
What is the cytoskeletal element associated with focal adhesion?
Actin
62
Which ECM proteins fo intergrins bind to?
fibronectin, laminin, collagen
63
Genetic abnormalities or autoimmune response of transmembrane proteins affect what?
Function, differentiation, and development of cells
64
Connexin mutation causes what?
deafness cataracts Charcol-Marie-Tooth demyelinating disease Occulodentaldigital dysplasia
65
What is Epidermoysis bullous?
Linked to mutations of genes for desmosomal, hemidesmosomal, and intermediate filament proteins
66
What is Pemphigus vulgarus?
Autoimmune disease affecting oral mucosa due to production of antibodies to cadherins and desmosomes

M&C 1B (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions