Cell Flashcards
What is the basic structural and functional unit of all living organisms?
The cell
True or False: All cells have a cell membrane.
True
Fill in the blank: The nucleus of a cell contains the cell’s genetic __________.
material
What organelle is responsible for producing energy in the form of ATP?
Mitochondria
Which organelle is known as the ‘protein factory’ of the cell?
Ribosomes
What process involves the movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of energy?
Passive transport
What is the term for the process by which a cell engulfs large particles or droplets from its surroundings?
Endocytosis
True or False: Prokaryotic cells have a nucleus.
False
What is the term for the process of cell division that results in two identical daughter cells?
Mitosis
Which organelle is responsible for detoxifying harmful substances in the cell?
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Fill in the blank: The ________ is a network of membranes that helps transport materials throughout the cell.
endoplasmic reticulum
What is the term for the process of maintaining a stable internal environment within a cell?
Homeostasis
Which type of cell division results in the formation of gametes?
Meiosis
True or False: Cells without a nucleus are called eukaryotic cells.
False
What is the term for the process of breaking down molecules to release energy within a cell?
Cellular respiration
What is the basic structural and functional unit of all living organisms?
The cell
What is the term for the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration?
Diffusion
Which organelle is responsible for generating energy in the form of ATP in the cell?
Mitochondria
True or False: The cell membrane is selectively permeable, allowing only certain substances to pass through.
True
What is the process by which cells engulf large particles or liquids from their surroundings?
Endocytosis
Which organelle is known as the ‘powerhouse’ of the cell?
Mitochondria
What is the term for the process of cell division that results in two identical daughter cells?
Mitosis
What is the term for the process of cell division that results in four non-identical daughter cells?
Meiosis
Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis in the cell?
Ribosomes
True or False: The endoplasmic reticulum is responsible for lipid synthesis and detoxification within the cell.
True
What is the term for the process of breaking down food molecules to release energy?
Cellular respiration
Which structure in the cell is responsible for maintaining its shape and providing support?
Cytoskeleton
What is the term for the process of cell division that results in gametes?
Meiosis
Which organelle is responsible for detoxifying harmful substances in the cell?
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
True or False: The Golgi apparatus is responsible for packaging and distributing proteins within the cell.
True
What is the term for the process of cell division that occurs in sex cells?
Meiosis
Which organelle is responsible for storing genetic material in the form of DNA?
Nucleus
What is the term for the movement of molecules against their concentration gradient using energy?
Active transport
True or False: The lysosomes are responsible for breaking down cellular waste and foreign materials.
True
What is the term for the process of cell division that results in haploid cells?
Meiosis
Which organelle is responsible for producing and modifying proteins in the cell?
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
True or False: The cytoplasm is the fluid-filled space within the cell that houses organelles.
True
What is the term for the process of cell division that results in diploid cells?
Mitosis
Which organelle is responsible for maintaining cell shape and movement?
Cytoskeleton
What is the term for the process of cell division that results in genetic diversity?
Meiosis
True or False: The cell wall is a feature found in animal cells but not in plant cells.
False
What is the term for the process of programmed cell death?
Apoptosis
Which organelle is responsible for recycling cellular components and breaking down damaged organelles?
Lysosomes
True or False: The nucleolus is a small structure within the nucleus responsible for producing ribosomal RNA.
True
What is the term for the process of cell division that results in genetic variation?
Meiosis
Which organelle is responsible for maintaining cell turgor pressure in plant cells?
Central vacuole
What is the term for the process of cell division that occurs in somatic cells?
Mitosis
True or False: The centrioles are responsible for organizing the spindle fibers during cell division.
True
What is the term for the process of cell division that results in identical daughter cells?
Mitosis
Which organelle is responsible for regulating calcium levels and lipid metabolism in the cell?
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
True or False: The extracellular matrix is a network of proteins and carbohydrates that provides structural support to cells.
True
What is the term for the process of cell division that results in four daughter cells with half the genetic material?
Meiosis
Which organelle is responsible for converting sunlight into energy through photosynthesis?
Chloroplast
What is the term for the process of cell division that is essential for growth and repair?
Mitosis
True or False: Peroxisomes are responsible for breaking down fatty acids and detoxifying alcohol in the cell.
True
What is the term for the process of cell division that results in genetic recombination?
Meiosis
Which organelle is responsible for maintaining cell rigidity and preventing excessive water uptake in plant cells?
Cell wall
What is the term for the process of cell division that results in two daughter cells with identical genetic material?
Mitosis
Which organelle is responsible for detoxifying harmful substances and producing hydrogen peroxide in the cell?
Peroxisomes
True or False: Gap junctions are channels that allow direct communication between neighboring cells.
True
What is the term for the process of cell division that results in haploid gametes?
Meiosis
