Cell

Question 1

Passive Transport

Answer 1

Cells that don’t need to use energy go with a concentration gradient and can go through diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis.

Question 2

Active Transport

Answer 2

Cells that do need to use energy go against the concentration gradient and can go through protein pumps, endocytosis, and exocytosis.

Question 3

Osmosis

Answer 3

The diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane. They’re 3 types: Hypertonic higher concentration of solutes than water, hypotonic lower concentration of solvents and a higher concentration of water, and isotonic solution where it is balance of solute than the cytoplasm.

Question 4

concentration gradient

Answer 4

a difference in the concentration of a substance across a distance

Question 5

Diffusion

Answer 5

random movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

Question 6

Facilitated Diffusion

Answer 6

diffusion of specific particles through transport proteins found in the membrane

Question 7

Protein Pump

Answer 7

transport proteins that require energy to work to move molecules across the cellular membrane against a concentration gradient.

Question 8

Endocytosis

Answer 8

Taking bulky material into a cell

Question 9

Exocytosis

Answer 9

forces material out of a cell in a bulk

Question 10

Equilibrium

Answer 10

a state that exists when the concentration of a substance is the same throughout a space

Question 11

Carrier protein

Answer 11

a protein then transports substances across the cell membrane

Question 12

Cell theory

Answer 12

All living things are made-up of one or more cells. Cells are the basic units of structure and function in organisms. All cells arrives from existing cells.

Question 13

Cell Wall.

Answer 13

gives the cell strength and stiffness and helps the cell keeps its shape.

Question 14

Cytoplasm

Answer 14

The region of the cell within the membrane

Question 15

Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 15

An organelle that helps ribosomes build proteins

Question 16

Eukaryotes

Answer 16

an organism made-up of cells that have a nucleus and a membrane-bound organelles

Question 17

Flagellum

Answer 17

a long hair like structure that grows out of a cell and enables the cell to move

Question 18

Golgi apparatus

Answer 18

Helps ship and package materials to be transported out of the cell

Question 19

Lysosomes.

Answer 19

Breakdown worn out cell parts and other wastes.

Question 20

Mitochondria

Answer 20

Breaks down sugar and release energy that the cell can use for all of its activities.

Question 21

Nucleus

Answer 21

contains the cell’s DNA and gives out directions to parts of the cell

Question 22

organ

Answer 22

collection of tissues that carry out a specialized function of the body

Question 23

Organ system

Answer 23

a group of organs that work together to perform body functions

Question 24

Organelle

Answer 24

one of the small bodies that are found in the cytoplasm of a cell and that are specialized to perform a specific function

Question 25

Prokaryotes

Answer 25

a single-celled organism that doesn’t have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles

Question 26

Receptor protein

Answer 26

a protein that binds specific signal molecules which causes the cell to respond

Question 27

Ribosomes

Answer 27

a cell organelle where protein synthesis occurs

Question 28

Second messenger

Answer 28

a molecule that is generated when a specific substance attaches to a receptor on the outside of a cell membrane which produces a change in cellular function

Question 29

Signal

Answer 29

anything that serves to direct guide or warn

Question 30

Sodium potassium pump

Answer 30

a carrier protein that uses ATP to actively transport sodium ions out of the cell and potassium ions into the cell

Question 31

Tissue

Answer 31

a group of similar cells that perform a common function

Question 32

Vacuoles

Answer 32

Stores fluids

Question 33

Vesicle

Answer 33

a small cavity or sack that contains materials in a eukaryote cell

Question 34

Cell Membrane

Answer 34

Gives structure and shape. Tells what comes in and out. Cell recognition

Question 35

Cytolysis

Answer 35

cells burst bc plenty of water (hypotonic)

Question 36

Plasmolysis

Answer 36

cell swells bc loss of water (hypertonic)

Question 37

Cell Surface Markers

Answer 37

Identify the cell type

Question 38

Channel Proteins

Answer 38

can let Ions, sugars, and amino acids diffuse through the cell membrane with the right size and charge

Question 39

thylakoids

Answer 39

contains components for photosynthesi