Cell Respiration

Question 1

Photosynthesis

Answer 1

The process by which plant, algae, and some bacteria use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to produce carbohydrates and oxygen

Question 2

Cellular respiration

Answer 2

The process by which cells produce energy from carbohydrates

Question 3

ATP

Answer 3

Adenosine triphosphate, and organic molecule that acts as the main energy source for cell processes; composed of nitrogenous base, a sugar, and three phosphate groups

Question 4

ATP synthase

Answer 4

An enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of ATP

Question 5

Electron transport chain

Answer 5

Series of molecules found in the inner membranes of mitochondria and chloroplasts through which electrons pass in a process that causes proton to build up on one side of the membrane. Electrons need to be excited by light energy from the sun or from chemical reactions that occur in heterotrophs. Electron lose some energy as they pass through the electron transport chains. This energy lost its used to pump hydrogen ions across the membrane creating a concentration gradient. The hydrogen ions diffuse back across the membrane passing through the channel protein ATP synthase. This adds to diffusing hydrogen ion to add a phosphate group to ADP creating ATP.

Question 6

thylakoid

Answer 6

found inside chloroplasts and contains the components for photosynthesis

Question 7

pigment

Answer 7

a substance that gives another substance or a mixture it’s color

Question 8

Chlorophyll

Answer 8

A green pigment that is present in most plants and algae cells and some bacteria, that gives plants their characteristic green color, and that absorbs light to provide energy for photosynthesis

Question 9

Calvin cycle

Answer 9

I biochemical pathway of photosynthesis in which carbon dioxide is converted into glucose using ATP and NADPH step one is carbon fixation. Step 2 is transferring energy. Step 3 is making sugar. Step 4 is to recycle.

Question 10

Factors that affect photosynthesis

Answer 10

Light intensity, carbon dioxide concentration, and temperature

Question 11

glycolysis

Answer 11

The anaerobic breakdown of glucose to pyruvate, which makes a small amounts of energy available to cells in the form of ATP. Step one is to breakdown glucose. Step 2 is to produce NADH. Step three is to produce pyruvate

Question 12

Krebs cycle

Answer 12

A series of biochemical reactions that convert pyruvate into carbon dioxide and water