CED Unit 4 (Social-Cognitive & Trait Theories of Personality) Flashcards
Social-cognitive theory
Expectations and ability to learn vicariously allow us to learn from others and choose actions that help meet our goals
Reciprocal determinism
A person’s behavior, internal cognitive factors, and the environment all interact and influence each other
Self-concept
Our perceptions of ourselves about abilities, behavior and personality
Self-efficacy
Belief that one can succeed in specific situations
Self-esteem
Self worth
Trait theories
-Eysenck’s Personality Theory-Two levels of traits-introvertism/extrovertism and stability/neuroticism
-Cattell’s 16 traits-Personality comprised of 16 traits
-Walter Mischel-Personality changes in different situations
Big Five theory
Describes personality using five traits: openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism
Agreeableness
Describes an individual’s level of compassion, respectfulness, and trust in others
Openness
Reflects an individual’s willingness to try new experiences, intellectual curiosity, and creative imagination
Extraversion
Reflects an individual’s sociability, assertiveness, and preference for being around others
Conscientiousness
Describes an individual’s tendency to be organized, productive, and responsible
Neuroticism
Describes an individual’s tendency toward anxiety, depression, and emotional instability
Personality inventories
Questionnaires to gauge feelings and behaviors to assess selected personality traits
Factor analysis
A statistical method used to identify underlying factors that explain the difference among personality traits
