CE L1 Chronic Inflammation Overview

Question 1

IL1, 6, 8

TNF and IFNγ are usually

Answer 1

Proinflammatory

Question 2

IL4, 5, 10, 13
and
IL-1RA are usually

Answer 2

Antiinflammatory

Question 3

Symptoms of RA

Answer 3

Swollen joints
Stiffness
Swelling
Limited movement
Progressive joint destruction

Question 4

What is inflamed in RA

Answer 4

synovium

Question 5

What is lost as a result of chronic inflammation in RA

Answer 5

Bone/ cartilage

Question 6

………% of adults in the UK have RA

Answer 6

0.8%

Question 7

……….% risk in identical twins

Answer 7

16%

Question 8

More occurrence of RA in rural or urban?

Answer 8

Urban - industrialised lifestyle?

Question 9

Lifestyle factor associated with RA

Answer 9

smoking

Question 10

RA follows an infection, 2 e.g.

Answer 10

Mycobacterium

Streptococcal

Question 11

…………cell initiates and sustains disease through recognition of autoantigens

Answer 11

CD4+ T Cell

Question 12

Cytokines are what type of molecule?

Answer 12

proteins

Question 13

Cells are activated to produce cytokines on exposure to….

Answer 13

antigen

Question 14

Cytokine receptor numbers are usually

Answer 14

low (100-1000/cell)

increased by antigen exposure

Question 15

Effects of cytokines on T and B cells

Answer 15

differentiation

Question 16

Effects of cytokines on macrophages

Answer 16

migration

Question 17

Effects of TNF and FasL?

Answer 17

apoptosis

Question 18

Effects of cytokines on cellular migration

Answer 18

induce it - produce chemokines

Question 19

Cytokines are mainly produced in response to infectious agents such as (3)

Answer 19

LPS
dsRNA
stim T cells

Question 20

What is the effect of TNF and IL-1 on leukocytes

Answer 20

causes adhesion to the endothelium

Question 21

Chemokines cause extravasation which is…

Answer 21

leakage of fluid

Question 22

steps of leucocyte adhesion

Answer 22

tether and roll
activation
adhesion
transmigration

Question 23

Th1 cells produce IFNγ which stimulates ………….. and …….

Answer 23

macrophages and cytotoxic T cells (causing tissue damage in RA)

Question 24

Presentation and response to antigen is dependent on………….. alles

Answer 24

MHC alles

Question 25

e.g. of antiinflammatory cytokines released by Th2

Answer 25

IL4

Question 26

Secretion of cytokines should be

Answer 26

brief and self limiting

Question 27

Systems are promiscuous….

Answer 27

one cell produces many cytokines
one cytokines acts on many cell types
overlapping effects

Question 28

How/when are cytokines produced?

Answer 28

Synthesised as required or activated by proteolytic cleavage