CCFP practice test 1 Flashcards
Name common side effects of lithium
N/V/D
polyuria
polydipsia
hypothyroidism
weight gain
ataxia
tremor
confusion
myoclonic jerks
arythmia
hyperparathyroidism
What should be checked on blood work 5 days post-starting lithium, and every q3-6 mo?
creatinine, lytes, ca, TSH, serum levels
what is the therapeutic level of lithium?
0.6-1.2 mmol/L
A person who tells you they are allergic to lidocaine may tolerate…
preservative free lidocaine (allergy is usually to a preservative)
can you use procaine or tetrocaine in someone with a lidocaine allergy?
yes, they have different structures
when should asymptomatic bacteriuria be treated in children?
-in children with renal transplants
-in children undergoing urologic procedures
what is the triad seen in serotonin syndrome?
autonomic, neuromuscular and mental status changes
what is Legg-Calve-Perthes disease?
avascular necrosis of the femoral head
what is Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis?
movement of femoral head due to damage of the growth plate
describe the technique to measure bp for orthostatic hypotension?
-pt lays supine for 5 min then take bp
-pt stands, take bp at 1 min and 3 min
what are the cutoffs for orthostatic hypotension?
drop > 20 in systolic
drop > 10 in diastolic
at what age is sleep training appropraite?
6 months
explain sleep training
- Put baby to bed while drowsy
- If baby cries leave him/her for 2-5 minutes.
- Respond to baby with reassurance if
required and then leave for another 2-5
minutes. - Extend intervals
how is dengue fever transmitted
mosquitos
what are the symptoms of dengue fever?
high fever, nausea, aches, rash
what are the symptoms of typhoid?
Fever that starts low and increases throughout the day, possibly reaching as high as 104 degrees Fahrenheit (40 degrees Celsius).
Chills.
Headache.
Weakness and fatigue.
Muscle aches.
Stomach pain.
Diarrhea or constipation.
Rash
how is typhoid spread?
fecal oral route
what is the treatment for schistosomiasis?
praziquental
How does acute schistosomiasis syndrome present?
Acute schistosomiasis syndrome: fever,
diarrhea, abdominal pain, headache,
myalgia, and cough. (3 and 8 weeks postinfection)
four classic symptoms of type I diabetes
polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, and weight loss
name eight risk factors for acute aortic dissection
hypertension
cocaine use
GCA
lupus
polycystic kidney disease
connective tissue disorders
bicuspid valve
trauma
peak age range for acute aortic dissection
60-70 (30-40 in marfans)
in which conditions MAY cannabinoids be considered as third line or beyond options?
-spasticity from MS
-spasticity from spinal cord injury
-chemotherapy induced N/V
-refractory neuropathic pain
-refractory palliative/end of life pain
dose of IM vit K for babies?
0.5-1mg
what are the surgical treatment options for compression fractures?
vertebroplasty
kyphoplasty
which patients on bisphosphonates are candidates for a drug holiday?
those who have been on it for 3-5 years and are low risk (no hx of fragility fractures)
name three types of closed tendon injuries that require surgery or splinting?
mallet finger
central slip
jersey finger
name the four steps of trauma informed care
Step 1. Bear witness to patient’s trauma experience
Step 2. create a safe space and recognize need for physical/emotional safety
Step 3. Include patients in healing process
Step 4. Believe in the patient’s strength and resilience
which diet may help alleviate symptoms in patients with IBS associated diarrhea?
low FODMAP
what foods are avoided in low FODMAP diet?
-Oligosaccharides: Wheat, rye, legumes, garlic, onions.
- Disaccharides: Milk, yogurt and soft
cheese.
- Monosaccharides: Mangos, honey.
- Polyols: blackberries, lychee, low caloriesweeteners.
how do you remove a cast safely?
-use up and down motions
-avoid bony prominences
-draw lines where you will cut
-cut the cast on both sides
management options for restless leg syndrome
-dopamine agonists
-iron supplementation
-pregabalin/gabapentin
what factors make a child more likely to have peanut allergy?
-severe eczema
-egg allergy
which conditions tend to present earlier in patients with intellectual disability?
-menopause
-diabetes
criteria for MAID?
-at least 18 years of age
-capable of making decision
-grievous and irremediable medical
condition
-advanced stage of irreversible decline and natural death is reasonably foreseeable
-decision not made as a result of external pressure
Name 8 possible SE of antipsychotic medication in older adults
-increased risk of falls
-increased risk of death
-cerebrovascular events
-gait abnormalities
-extrapyramidal SE
-somnolence
-edema
-weight gain
-UTI
what baseline blood tests do you order when starting someone on an antipsychotic second gen?
-fasting glucose
-fasting lipid panel
what is giggle micturition?
A rare form of daytime wetting: involuntary,
unstoppable, complete bladder emptying
during/immediately after laughing/giggling.}
how do you reduce a radial head subluxation?
hyperpronation maneuver
what symptoms are common to Myalgic encephalomyelitis–chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromyalgia, and environmental sensitivities–multiple chemical sensitivity?
-sleep disturbance
-neurological symptoms
-cognitive symptoms
-fatigue
-pain at varying degrees
what is distinctive about ME-chronic fatigue syndrome?
-fatigue is chronic, profound and not relieved by rest
-post-exertional malaise
what is the organism that causes whooping cough?
bortedella pertussis
what are the three stages of whooping cough?
-catarrhal
-paroxysmal
-convalescent
how long is whooping cough contagious?
from the catarrhal stage to 3 weeks after cough onset
if a patient with whooping cough is given azithromycin, how long are they contagious for?
5 days
what is seen in the throat of someone with diphtheria?
pseudomembrane (grey plaque)
