ccfp prac test 3 Flashcards
what are two POC tests for GAS for sore throat?
-rapid antigen test
-nucleic acid detection test
what are three benefits to treating a group A strep infection?
-reduce risk of peritonsillar abcess
-reduce risk of rheumatic fever
-less sore throat at day 3
-reduces duration of illness
what are the criteria of subclinical hypothyroidism?
TSH between 4-10 mIU/L
Normal T3
Normal T4
No symptoms
should you treat subclinical hypothyroidim?
NO
Unless symptomatic or pregnant
is acupuncture effective for low back pain?
yes, for non-radicular low back pain, (chronic more responsive than acute)
what percentage of patients with autism spectrum disorder suffer with sleep disturbances?
60-80%
Name four common sleep disturbances in patients with autism
-early morning awakenings
-poor sleep efficiency
-prolonged sleep onset-latency
-somnambulism
what are the recommended sleep interventions for patients with autism and sleeping disorders?
-behaviour modification therapy
-melatonin
signs of wernickes encephalopathy
-opthalmoplegia
-mental stages changes
-ataxia
treatment of wernickes encaphalopathy?
thiamine
what are the three syndromes associated with thiamine deficiency?
-wernickes encephalopathy
-korsakoffs
-beri beri
is taking gabapentin and opioids together safe?
-concurrent use of gabapentin wiht opioids increases risk of opioid over x2
-benzo use concurrent also increases risk x 2
who should receive the pneumococcal 23 valent polysacharide vaccine?
all adults 65 +
how does estrogen effect valproate
it increases the breakdown rate of valproate
what is the recommended dose of folic acid during pregnancy if NOT high risk?
minimum of 0.4 mg
what are the fetal effects of antiepileptic meds in pregnancy?
- neural tube defects
- lower IQ scores
- heart malformations
- cleft lip and palate
- low birth weight
- urogenital defects
how much folic acid is recommended in those high risk for neural tube defects in pregnancy?
up to 5 mg per day
how long should someone ideally be seizure free before pregnancy?
9 mo
what stool test can help you identify IBD?
fecal calprotectin
what meds have been found to be effective at treating IBS?
SSRIs (constipation predominant)
TCAs (diarrhea predominant)
what are the four types of fecal incontinence?
urge
passive
involuntary
seepage
what are the effects of the ketogenic diet on diabetes?
-weight loss
-reduced need for insulin therapy
-lowers a1c
what are some common side effects of the ketogenic diet?
-nausea
-GERD
-constipation
-diarrhea
-hypoglycemia
-dyslipidemia
what effect does the ketogenic diet have on epilepsy?
reduces incidence of seizures in refractory epilepsy
which medication is association with reduced spread of breast ca to bone?
bisphosphonates
what is a main adverse effect of aromatase inhibitors?
osteoporosis
which two diabetes medications are most associated with hypoglycemic events?
sulfonylureas and insulin
-list three criteria to be diagnosed with familial hypercholesteremia
- LDL-C ≥ 5.0 mmol/L in patients ≥ 40 years of
age - LDL-C ≥ 4.5 mmol/L in patients 18 to 39 years of
age - LDL-C ≥ 4.0 mmol/L in < 18 years
what is a recommended treatment for IBS-diarrhea dominant?
eluxadoline (mu opioid agonist receptor in gut)
which pregnant patients should take aspirin?
patients with BMI > 30 and 1 additional risk factor for preeclampsia
when should aspirin be commenced during pregnancy for patients high risk for preeclampsia?
before 16 weeks
list five effective treatments for IBS
-peppermint oil
-SSRIs / TCAs
-CBT
-soluble fiber
-low FODMAP diet
-antispasmodics
what are the risk factors for preeclampsia?
-Nulliparity
-obesity
-family history of preeclampsia
-age 35 years and older
-sociodemographic risk factors (low socioeconomic status, etc),
-or personal history factors (fetus is small for gestational age, previous adverse pregnancy outcomes, etc).
when should patients with BMI 40 or above deliver their baby by?
39-40 weeks
at which points do patients with obesity require extra pregnancy growth scans?
To accurately monitor fetal growth, ultrasounds should be done at 28, 32, and 36 weeks’ gestational age and then weekly after 37 weeks instead of a symphysis fundal height measurement.
list 6 conditions associated with kussmaul breathing in children
-metabolic acidosis
-sepsis
-raised ICP
-head trauma
-croup
-pneumonia
-uncontrolled asthma
-cardiogenic shock
-airway obstruction
what virus causes molluscum contagiosum
poxvirus
how does poxvirus spread within 1 person?
autoinnoculation
name 4 treatment options for molluscum contagiosum
-imiquimod
-silver nitrite
-curettage
-expectant
-liquid nitrogen
what are the treatment options for alopecia areata?
- topical midoxinil
- topical bimatoprost
- azathioprine
- cyclosporine
- topical immunotherapy
- platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections
what are the steroid options to inject into a joint?
- 40mg triamcinolone
- 40mg methylprednisolone
- 3mg betamethasone
what is the name of the tool that determine OA severity?
Lesquesne index
is there any steroid that is best for joint injection?
no theyre the same
what is the prognosis of shuddering attacks?
decline with age
are children conscious during shuddering attacks?
yes
do shuddering attacks increase your risk of epilepsy?
no
what is the most common hematological disorder associated with epistaxis in children?
von willebrands
are males or females more likely to get afib?
males
what is the recommended weight gain for pregnancy in an obese woman?
5-9kg
exam findings in testicular torsion (list 4)
-absent cremasteric reflex
-testicular swelling
-hard testicle
-high riding testicle
what is a non-surgical mangement option of compartment syndrome?
hyperbaric oxygen therapy (while awaiting decompression)
what is the name of the criteria for IBS
Rome IV criteria
