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NCLEX Mark K > CCB, C-tube & CHD > Flashcards

CCB, C-tube & CHD Flashcards

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1
Q

CCB are like Valium for the heart

If in shock give CCB

If tachycardia give CCB

A

Shock No

Tachycardia Yes

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2
Q

CCB have a (negative / positive) inotropic, chronotropic, dromotropic effect

A

CCB have a negative inotropic, chronotropic, dromotropic

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3
Q

Negative inotrophic:
Negative chronotrophy:
Negative dromotrophy:

decrease speed that impulses from SA node travel to AV node (decrease conduction velocity)

weaken the myocardial contraction

decrease rate of impulse formation at SA node -> decelerate HR

A

Negative inotrophic: weaken the myocardial contraction

Negative chronotrophy: decrease rate of impulse formation at SA node -> decelerate HR

Negative dromotrophy: decrease speed that impulses from SA node travel to AV node (decrease conduction velocity)

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4
Q

What do CCB treat

A, AA, AAA

A

A: Antihypertensive-> Lower BP

AA: AntiAnginal - relax heart, works by decreasing oxygen demand

AAA: AntiAtrialArythmia: treats atrial-flutter / Fibrillation, premature atrial contraction, atrial bigeminy, SVT

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5
Q

Side effects of CCB

H.H.

A

Headaches - vasodilation
Hypotension- it relaxes BV

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6
Q

-Dipine is the ending of CCB

There are 2 more you have to remember by name

A

Verapamil (isoptin)
Cardizem (diltiazem) - can be given with an IV drip

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7
Q

Monitor BP before giving CCB

hold when

A

If SBP <100

If SBP <100 when Cardizem (diltiazem) is given with drip, titrate the rate of the IV depending on how low the SBP is

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8
Q

Rhythm Strips Must Know by Sight

Normal Sinus Rhythm

A

Evenly spaces

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9
Q

Rhythm Strips Must Know by Sight

Vfib

A

Chaotic squiggly line

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10
Q

Rhythm Strips Must Know by Sight

V Tach

A

1970s wallpaper border

Pattern

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11
Q

Rhythm Strips Must Know by Sight

Asystole

A

Flat line

Asystole occurs when the heart’s electrical system fails, causing the heart to stop pumping. It can be a fatal arrhythmia
if it occurs in relation to a severe underlying illness

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12
Q

QRS wave will always be (Arterial / Ventricular)

A

Ventricular

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13
Q

“P” wave will always be about (Arterial/ Ventricular)

A

Arterial

Unless it’s a Lack of P wave then it’s ventricular

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14
Q

Lack of a QRS line is called

A

Asystole

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15
Q

Described as “SawTooth” is always…

A

Flutter

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16
Q

Chaotic is always the word to describe

A

Fibrillation

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17
Q

“Bizarre” is always the way the will describe

A

Tachycardia

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18
Q

More than 6 PVC in 1 minute

More than 6 PVC in a row

PVC Falls on T wave of pervious beat

What is the priority level

A

Moderate

If its only PVC wave, then it is a low level

PVCs, or premature ventricular contractions, are extra heartbeats

They are a common type of irregular heartbeat (arrhythmia)

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19
Q

Premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) are

A

extra heartbeats begin Ventricles

Disrupt the regular heart rhythm, fluttering / Skipped beat

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20
Q

Is PVC after MI a major concern

A

No, it is a good sign.

It means they are reprofusing

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21
Q

Asystole & Vfib both share (no /low / high) Cardiac output

What can happen to a patient with these conditions

A

No cardiac output

Leathal within 8 minutes

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22
Q

VTACH has this level of seriousness

A

Potentially fatal

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23
Q

For Vtach problems this medicine

A

amiodarone

Lidocaine (in the Past)

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24
Q

Artial/ Supra ventricular

Use these types of medications

A,B,C,D

A

Adenocard (Push <8sec) - (can go into Asystole for 30 sec)

Beta Blockers (lol) - (Same as CCB)
slow heart down
SE: Head / Hypotension

CCB:

Digitalis ( Lanoxin / Digox)

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25
Q

What do you use for V fib

A

Defibrillator

26
Q

What do you use to correct Asystole

A

Epinephrine/ Atropine

In this order

27
Q

Purpose of a chest tube

A

Reestablish NEGATIVE pressure in pleural space

28
Q

Chest tube

In a pneumothorax a chest tube removes air to reestablish (negative / positive) pressure

A

Negative

29
Q

In hemothorax a chest tube is inserted to remove blood reestablishing a (negative/ positive) pressure

A

Negative

30
Q

What do you report to DR with a Hemochest tube

A

Chest tube is not draining

31
Q

What do you report to a DR about a pneumothorax chest tube

A

Chest tube is not bubbling

Chest tube drained 800mL in first 10 hours

IT NEEDS TO BUBBLE

32
Q

Apical chest tubes remove (air / blood)

Basilar chest tubes remove (air / blood)

A

Apical Air

Basilar Blood

33
Q

How many chest tubes and where for unilateral pneumo/hemothorax

A

2

Apical pneumo
Basilar hemo

34
Q

How many chest tubes and where for bilateral pneumo

A

2

Apical Left & Right

35
Q

How many chest tubes and where for post opp chest surgery

A

2

Apical & Basilar on same side as surgery

36
Q

Always assume chest Trauma or Surgery is ( Unilateral / Bilateral) unless otherwise noted

A

Unilateral

37
Q

How many chest tubes would you need and where would you place them on a post op, right pneumonectomy

A

None

pneumonectomy / lung removal

38
Q

Closed chest drainage devices

Pleural Vac, PneumaVac, Emmerson

What do you do if it gets knocked over?

A

Set back up & have them take deep breaths

39
Q

If Pneumavac device breaks

What is the first thing you do

What is the best thing you do

A
  1. Clamp it
  2. Cut tube away from broken device
  3. Stick tube under sterile water
  4. Unclamp it

What is the best thing you do: Stick tube under sterile water

40
Q

Always assume that it is a perfect world and everything and everyone is available in NCLEX situations

True or False

A

True

41
Q

Tip

Understand the difference between;

What would you do first

&

What is best

A

I understand

42
Q

What is the first thing you do if a chest tube gets removed

What is the best thing

A

1st. Cover hole with gloved hand

Best cover with Vaseline gauze

43
Q

Chest tube bubbling

Where & When

Water seal & Interment bubbling

Water seal & Continous bubbling

Suction Control Chamber & Interment bubbling

Suction Control Chamber & Continous bubbling

A

Water seal & Interment: Good

Water seal & Continous: Bad
Leak in the system. Put tape over it

Suction Control Chamber & Interment: Bad. Suction not high enough- Turn suction up

Suction Control Chamber & Continous: Good its susposed to be Continous bubbling

44
Q

Analogy

Straight catheter is to a fully catheter

As a

thoracentesis is to _____

A

chest tube

Straight catheter (Temp) is to a fully catheter (Permanent)

thoracentesis (temp) is to a chest tube(permanent)

45
Q

What’s the longest you can clamp a tube without a Dr’s orders

A

15 seconds

46
Q

Use these types of clamps

A

Rubber tipped Double Clamps

47
Q

Congenital heart defects are always a problem

True or false

A

False

It’s either a big problem or No problem

There is no in between

48
Q

CHD

Trouble defects shunt blood in the heart how (Right to left) or (Left to Right)

Which direction do No Trouble heart defects shunt blood

A

Right to left

Think Trouble

R –> L

No Trouble (Left to Right)

49
Q

CHD

T
R
o
u
B
L
e

A

T All Trouble CHD Start with T
R Right to Left heart shunt is trouble
o
u
B Blue Cyanosis
L
e

50
Q

All congenital heart defects CHD will have 2 things

A

Murmurs & ECG done

51
Q

4 defects of Tetralogy of Fallot

A

Ventricular septal defect

Pulmonary
stenosis

Overriding aorta

Right ventricular hypertrophy

Valentines day
Pick someone
Out a
Red heart

Or

Varied
Pictures
Of a
Ranch

52
Q

Infectious disease and transmission based precautions

Contact precautions is for anything

A

Enteric

C Dif
Hep A
Cheloria
Disentary

&

STAPH infections
RSV (Droplet Spread but on CONTACT PRECAUTIONS)
Herpies

53
Q

Contact precautions

Private room (preferred or required)

A

Preferred. A private room is preferable

54
Q

Contact precautions

PPE

A

Gloves & Gown & disposable supplies/ dedicated equipment

55
Q

Droplet precautions

Disease

A

Meningitis
H-Flu (epiglottis)

56
Q

Droplet precautions

Private room (required/ preferred)

PPE

A

Preffered (Select Private Room on NCLEX)

Masks, Paitent wears mask when leaving room, dedicated equipment/ disposable ppe

57
Q

Airborne precautions

Disease

A

MMR
TB
Varicella (Chix Pox)

58
Q

Airborne PPE

Private room

A

Mask, Special Filter Maks (TB), Mask when leaving room, Negative Pressure

TB is spread droplet but uses airborne precautions.

59
Q

PPE Doffing

PPE Donning

A

Gloves, Goggles, Gown, Mask

Alphabetical

Gown, Mask, Googels, Gloves

Reverse Alphabetical but Masks Second

60
Q

You Must use leading zeros before a decmil point.

Cannot use trailing zeros ever

True or False

A

True

61
Q

(Left / Right) atrium
The upper chamber of the heart that receives Oxygen-Rich blood from the lungs through the pulmonary veins

(Left / Right) ventricle
The lower chamber of the heart that receives oxygen-rich blood from the left atrium through the mitral valve and pumps it to the aorta

A

Left side = Oxygen Rich

62
Q

Verapamil (isoptin)
Cardizem (diltiazem)

This class of medication

A

CCB

Suffix Usually = dipine

NCLEX Mark K (9 decks)

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