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NCLEX Mark K > Acid / Base & Ventilators > Flashcards

Acid / Base & Ventilators Flashcards

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1
Q

Ph normal values

A

Acid 7.35 - 7.45 Alkalotic

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2
Q

PaCO² values
ABG

A

Alkalotic 35 - 45 Acid

Acid 45 - 35 Alkalotic

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3
Q

HCO³ Values

A

Acid 22 - 26 Basic

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4
Q

Vomiting & Ng suction will create this state

(Acidosis/ Alkalosis)

A

Alkalosis

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5
Q

Why does Vomiting and Ng suction lead to Alkalosis

A

It removes stomach juices which contain acids

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6
Q

Why does diarrhea cause metabolic Acidosis

A

Because Bicarbonate is found in the intestines and removed with the diarrhea.

Think diarrhea Assidosis

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7
Q

Why does renal failure cause metabolic acidosis

A

The kidneys no long put out the H² hydrogen ions which are acids.

Leaving the body with more acid

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8
Q

DKA is this state

How does the body try to compensate

A

Metabolic acidosis

Kussmaul breathing
Rapid breathing to rid body of CO²

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9
Q

Low & slow RR will cause

A

Respitory Acidosis

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10
Q

Respiratory Alkalosis or Acidosis

Sleep apnea

A

Acidosis

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11
Q

Respiratory Alkalosis or Acidosis

Head trauma “knocked out”

A

Acidosis

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12
Q

Respiratory Alkalosis or Acidosis

Post operation

A

Acidosis

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13
Q

Respiratory Alkalosis or Acidosis

Drugs CNS depressants
Opiods, Alcohol, Benzos

A

Acidosis

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14
Q

Respiratory Alkalosis or Acidosis

Impaired gas exchange

Pneumonia

A

Acidosis

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15
Q

Respiratory Alkalosis or Acidosis

Impaired gas exchange

COPD / Asthma

A

Acidosis

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16
Q

Hyperventilation = Respiratory Alkalosis or Acidosis

Hypoventiliation = Respiratory Alkalosis or Acidosis

A

Alkalosis

Acidosis

17
Q

Respiratory Alkalosis or Acidosis

Panic attack

A

Alkalosis

18
Q

Most important objective data when determining if a client is hypoxic

A

Abnormal ABG

19
Q

Best diagnostic test to evaluate a patient’s oxygenation & ventilation after a traumatic brain injury

A

ABG

20
Q

Priority intervention following ABG procedure

A

Hold firm pressure at the site

21
Q

Only Ph & HCO³ need to be examined

Rule of B states

Is used for what

A

If pH and Bicarb Both go same direction, its metaBolic

If pH Bicarb go opposite direction its respitory

22
Q

As ph goes, so goes my patient, except for potassium.

What does this mean

A

If ph is low everything is low, but potassium is high

If ph is high everything is high, but potassium is low.

23
Q

Ph > 7.45 = acidic / alkalosis

DESCRIBE: HR, RR, BP

¿Seizures?
¿Calm?
¿Constipation?
¿Borborygmi?
Reflexes

Main nursing intervention?

A

Everything is High and excitable

Main Nursing Intervention: Suction for Seizures

24
Q

pH <7.35

Describe body systems

HR, RR,BP

Bowel Movements
¿Abtunded?
Reflexes
Coma or Seizure

K level

A

Everything Low

Except K, K high

Abtunded Yes, mean lethargic

25
Q

Nursing interventions for (Acidosis or Alkalosis)

Ambu bag / intubation and ventilation for resp arrest

A

Acidosis <7.35

26
Q

Which acid based disorder needs a suction device by bed side.

(Acidosis/ Alkalosis)

A

Alkalosis

They could seize and asparate

27
Q

Kussmaul is seen with (Metabolic/Respitory) (Acidosis / Alkalosis)

A

Metabolic Acidosis

Think

Mac Kussmaul

28
Q

Hypoventilation is associated with (Acid / Alkalosis)

Hyperventilation is associated with (Acid / Alkalosis)

A

Hypoventilation = Acidosis

Hyperventilation = Alkalosis

Due to retaining or expelling CO² which is acidic

29
Q

Causation & S / S will often be the opposite from eachother

Exp.

Diarrhea Causes (Metabolic Acidosis/ Alkalosis) the signs and symptoms of which is (Constipation/ Diarrhea)

A

Diarrhea Causes Metabolic Acidosis the signs and symptoms of which is Constipation

30
Q

Does respitory rate correlate to ventilation?

A

No.

Exp.

Pneumonia patient will have 50 RR but poor ventilation

31
Q

For prolonged gastric vomiting or suction metabolic (Acidosis/ Alkalosis)

Everything else that is NOT LUNG selct the opposite

A

For prolonged gastric vomiting or suction metabolic Alkalosis

Everything else metabolic Acidosis

32
Q

Tip: Pay attention to modifying phrase rather than original noun.

Exp.

A patient with vomiting who is now dehydrated

Which is the focus

A

Dehydrated

33
Q

High pressure Alarm
(Machine Working too Hard)

Triggered by (decreased / increased) resistance to air flow

Nurse intervention:

A

Increased

Look for obstructions

Kinks, condened water, mucus plugs

34
Q

High pressure alarm goes off on ventilator

Put in order… Check

Patient for mucus plugs, make pt turn, cough, deep breath, suction PRN.

Kinks in tubing

Condensation water in dependent tube

A

Kinks

Condensation

Mucus Plugs

35
Q

High pressure alarm goes off on ventilator

Put in order

Relieve mucus plugs: Deep breath, cough, suction, turn

A

Turn pt, cough, Deep Breath Suction

36
Q

Low pressure alarms

Triggered by (decreased/increased) to airflow.

Nursing intervention:

A

Decrease

Look for disconnection

Main tube disconnect: Reconnect unless on floor

O2 sensor tube disconnect: Reconnect unless on floor

37
Q

High pressure ventilator Alarms (Disconnection/ Obstruction)

Low pressure Alarms (Disconnection/ Obstruction)

A

High pressure ventilator Alarms Obstruction

Low pressure Alarms Disconnection

38
Q

Doctor orders to wean patient off ventilator in AM. AM ABG Respitory Acidosis. What do you do?

A. Follow orders
B. Call Respiratory Therapist
C. Hold order and call Dr.

A

Hold order call Dr.

He already has low ventilation. Weaning off Oxygen wont help

NCLEX Mark K (9 decks)

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