CC5 Ionic Bonding Flashcards
Why do atoms transfer electrons in ionic bonding?
So that they can have full outer shells
Explain in terms of electrons what occurs when lithium bonds with fluorine
One electron transferred from lithium to fluorine
Explain in terms of electrons what occurs when magnesium bonds with oxygen
Two electrons transferred from magnesium to oxygen
Explain in terms of electrons what occurs when beryllium bonds with oxygen (3 marks)
Two electrons transferred from beryllium to oxygen
Explain in terms of electrons what occurs when magnesium bonds with chlorine
One electron transferred from magnesium to two different chlorine atoms
Explain in terms of electrons what occurs when sodium bonds with oxygen
Two electrons transferred to an oxygen atom from two different sodium atoms
Why do sodium ions and chlorine ions form an ionic bond?
There is an electrostatic force of attraction between oppositely charged ions
Why don’t sulphur ions and oxygen ions form ionic bonds with each other?
Both have negative charges so would repel
What is the name for a substance made of billions of oppositely charged ions joined together?
Giant ionic lattice
Define giant ionic lattice
A huge 3D network of ions
State the melting points of ionic substances
High
Explain why ionic substances have high melting points.
Strong bonds between oppositely charged ions are hard to break
Will NaCl(s) conduct electricity?
No
Will NaCl (aq) conduct electricity?
Yes (aq stands for aqueous which means it is dissolved in water)
Will NaCl (l) conduct electricity?
Yes
What does molten mean?
Melted
Explain why ionic compounds do not conduct electricity when solid
Because the ions are not free to move
Explain why ionic compounds conduct electricity in solution
Because the ions are free to move
Explain why ionic compounds conduct electricity when molten
Because the ions are free to move
In ionic bonds, electrons are ___________________
Transferred
Explain in terms of electrons what occurs when lithium bonds with chlorine
One electron transferred from lithium to chlorine
What charge will an ion of lithium take?
1+ (one electron in the outer shell, needs to lose it)
What charge will an ion of beryllium take?
2+ (two electrons in the outer shell, needs to lose them both)
What charge will an ion of barium take?
2+ (group 2 so two electrons in the outer shell, needs to lose them both)
What charge will an ion of fluorine take?
1- (7 electrons in the outer shell, needs to gain one)
If something has gained electrons, what charge will it have?
Negative
If something has lost electrons, what charge will it have?
Positive (because they have lost a negative!)
What charge will an ion of oxygen take?
2- (6 electrons in outer shell so needs to gain two)
What is an ion?
an atom which has lost or gained an electron
How many electrons, protons and neutrons in a sodium ion Na+ ?
11 protons, 12 neutrons, 10 electrons
What elements are in sodium sulfate?
Sodium, sulfur and oxygen
If a compound name ends in -ide what does this show?
It is a molecule made of 2 elements only.
How many electrons, protons and neutrons in an oxygen ion O2- ?
8 protons, 8 neutrons, 10 electrons
How many electrons, protons and neutrons in a chloride ion Cl- ?
17 protons, 18 neutrons, 18 electrons
How many electrons, protons and neutrons in a magnesium ion Mg2+ ?
12 protons, 12 neutrons, 10 electrons
What elements are in potassium hydroxide?
potassium, oxygen and hydrogen
What elements are in sulfuric acid?
hydrogen, sulfur and oxygen
What elements are in iron carbonate
iron, carbon and oxygen
