CC13 Periodic Table Flashcards

1
Q

In terms of electrons, what do group 1 elements have in common?

A

1 electron in the outer shell

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2
Q

In terms of electrons, what do group 7 elements have in common?

A

7 electrons in the outer shell

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3
Q

In terms of electrons, what do group 0 elements have in common?

A

Full outer shell

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4
Q

What is more reactive, lithium or sodium?

A

Sodium

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5
Q

What is more reactive, chlorine or bromine?

A

Chlorine

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6
Q

Define inert

A

Un-reactive

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7
Q

Explain why the noble gases are inert

A

They have full outer shells, so do not need to gain or lose electrons

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8
Q

State the trend in the melting points of the alkali metals

A

Gets lower down the group

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9
Q

What state are fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine at room temperature?

A

Gas, gas, liquid, solid

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10
Q

What colour are chlorine, bromine and iodine at room temperature?

A

Green gas, red-brown liquid, dark grey solid

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11
Q

Balance the equation: Li + H₂O → LiOH + H₂

A

2Li + 2H₂ → 2LiOH + H₂

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12
Q

State the trend in melting and boiling points for the halogens as you go down the group. Predict what state astatine will be.

A

As you go down the group melting point increases. Fl and Cl₂ are gases, Br₂ is a liquid, I₂ is a solid. At₂ will be a solid

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13
Q

How can chlorine be tested for?

A

Damp blue litmus paper turns red then white

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14
Q

Explain why the group 1 elements are called alkali metals

A

They are metals that form alkalis when they react with water

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15
Q

What is a displacement reaction?

A

A reaction in which a more reactive element takes the place of a less reactive element in a compound

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16
Q

Explain why the following reaction does not proceed: KBr + I₂

A

Iodine is less reactive than bromine so cannot displace it

17
Q

Balance the below equation and explain why it is a displacement reaction: KBr + Cl₂ → KCl + Br₂

A

2KBr + Cl₂ → 2KCl + Br₂

Chlorine has displaced bromine as it is more reactive

18
Q

Explain why fluorine is more reactive than chlorine

A

To react they must gain an electron, fluorine has fewer shells so there is stronger attraction from nucleus to the electron it is gaining

19
Q

Explain why potassium is more reactive than lithium

A

To react they must lose an electron, potassium has more shells so there is weaker attraction from the nucleus holding the outer shell electron in place.

20
Q

How do halogens react with magnesium?

A

Mg (s) + Cl₂ → MgCl₂ (s)

21
Q

What happens when halogens react with hydrogen? What is the pH when the product dissolves in water?

A

H₂ (g) + Cl₂ (g) → 2HCl (g) - pH will be low as forms an acid