CC10 Electrolysis Flashcards

1
Q

Magnesium carbonate is insoluble. What do you need to do before it will conduct electricity?

A

Melt it

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2
Q

Sodium fluoride is soluble. Explain what the easiest way for it to conduct electricity is

A

Dissolve it in water because this does not require high temperatures

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3
Q

Which ions are in NaCl

A

Na⁺ and Cl⁻

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4
Q

Which ions are in CuCl₂

A

Cu²⁺ and two Cl⁻

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5
Q

Which ions are in Na₂SO₄

A

2 ions of Na⁺ and one SO₄²⁻

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6
Q

Is this process oxidation or reduction? Al → Al³⁺ + 3e⁻

A

Oxidation

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7
Q

Is this process oxidation or reduction? Na⁺ + e⁻ → Na

A

Reduction

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8
Q

Is this process oxidation or reduction? F₂ + 2e⁻ → 2F⁻

A

Reduction

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9
Q

Is this process oxidation or reduction? Fe²⁺ → Fe³⁺ + e⁻

A

Oxidation

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10
Q

In this reaction, what has been oxidised and what has been reduced? Mg²⁺ + 2Na → 2Na⁺ + Mg

A

Na has been oxidised, Mg²⁺ has been reduced

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11
Q

In this reaction, what has been oxidised and what has been reduced? 2Al + 3Ca²⁺ → 2Al³⁺ + 3Ca

A

Al has been oxidised, Ca²⁺ has been reduced

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12
Q

In this reaction, what has been oxidised and what has been reduced? K + Na⁺ → K⁺ + Na

A

K has been oxidized, Na⁺ has been reduced

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13
Q

What is electrolysis?

A

Using a dc electric current to decompose (break down) a substance

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14
Q

What is an electrolyte?

A

An ionic compound in the molten state or dissolved in water

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15
Q

What happens to an ionic substance when it is melted or dissolved in water?

A

The ions become free to move around

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16
Q

What is the name for the positive electrode?

A

The anode

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17
Q

What is the name for the negative electrode?

A

The cathode

18
Q

Do positive ions move to the anode or the cathode?

19
Q

Do negative ions move to the anode or the cathode?

20
Q

Where does reduction occur?

21
Q

Where does oxidation occur?

22
Q

At which electrode would Zn²+(aq) turn into Zn(s)?

A

Cathode (needs to gain electrons)

23
Q

At which electrode would Cl⁻(aq) turn into Cl₂(g)?

A

Anode (needs to lose electrons)

24
Q

Balance the equation: Al³⁺ + e⁻ → Al

A

Al³⁺ + 3e⁻ → Al

25
Q

Balance the equation: Cl⁻ → Cl₂ + e⁻

A

2Cl⁻ → Cl₂ + 2e⁻

26
Q

Balance the equation: O²⁻ → O₂ + e⁻

A

2O²⁻ → O₂ + 4e⁻

27
Q

What will be the products of the electrolysis of molten iron bromide?

A

Iron and bromine

28
Q

What will be the products of the electrolysis of molten zinc oxide?

A

Zinc and oxygen

29
Q

Define oxidation in terms of electrons

A

Oxidation is the loss of electrons

30
Q

Define reduction in terms of electrons

A

Reduction is the gain of electrons

31
Q

What will be the products of the electrolysis of sodium sulfate solution?

A

Hydrogen gas and Oxygen gas

32
Q

What will be the products of the electrolysis of acidified water?

A

Hydrogen gas and Oxygen gas

33
Q

When copper sulphate solution is electrolysed using copper electrodes. What happens to the mass of the electrodes?

A

The cathode mass increases. The anode mass decreases.

34
Q

When copper sulphate solution is electrolysed using copper electrodes. What happens to the change in mass of the electrodes if you increase the current?

A

As current increases so does the change in mass.

35
Q

Why use propanone to dry the electrodes when reweighing them after the electrolysis.

A

It evaporates drying the electrodes, no need to physically dry them.

36
Q

What will be the products of the electrolysis of copper chloride solution?

A

Copper and chlorine

37
Q

What will be the products of the electrolysis of molten lead bromide?

A

lead and bromine

38
Q

In the electrolysis of sodium chloride solution, what are the products?

A

Chlorine gas and hydrogen gas

39
Q

Why is sodium not produced in the electrolysis of sodium chloride solution?

A

It is more reactive than hydrogen so hydrogen is produced instead.

40
Q

What is produced at the anode in electrolysis of solutions?

A

Either a halogen or oxygen (when there is no halogen present)

41
Q

What is produced at the cathode in electrolysis of solutions?

A

Which ever substance is the least reactive of the cations