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Oral Radiology > CBCT- The Basics I > Flashcards

CBCT- The Basics I Flashcards

1
Q

what are the digital image processing/modifications

A
  • compression
  • imaging manipulations
  • image reconstruction
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2
Q

what are the imaging manipulations

A
  • automated image analysis
  • qualitative- changes pixel’s digital value
  • quantitative - counts the number of pixels
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3
Q

what is image reconstruction

A

data is utilized by other software programs and produces different image presentations

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4
Q

what is computed tomography

A

use of computers to generate multiple images of an object from digitized density information obtained from various signals; x- radiation (MDCT, CBCT), magnetic fields (MRI), sonar radiation (ultrasound)

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5
Q

what does CT stand for

A

computed tomography

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6
Q

what are the two forms of x ray CT

A

CBCT and MDCT

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7
Q

what does CBCT stand for

A

cone beam computed tomography

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8
Q

what does MDCT stand for

A

multi detector computed tomography

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9
Q

what is the difference between MDCT and CBCT

A

MDCT images hard and soft tissue, more powerful and sophisticated than CBCT. CBCT can only image hard tissues

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10
Q

when and where was CBCT developed

A

in Japan and Europe in 2000

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11
Q

what was the first CBCT available in the US

A

Newtom 2001

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12
Q

what is the benefit of stand up CBCT

A

get patient in and out faster

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13
Q

what CBCT do we have at school

A

i-CAT FLX

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14
Q

what are the models for i-CAT

A

V8,V10 or V17 models

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15
Q

most sit down units have ___ detector

A

larger

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16
Q

the faster the scan, ____ information and ____ image quality, and ___ dose

A

less; lesser; less

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17
Q

the longer the scan, the _____ movement artifact

A

more likely

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18
Q

what are the carestream CBCT units

A

CS 8100 and CS 9300

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19
Q

CBCT technology becomes outdated due to competition from

A

competitor brands
- technical innovations: memory, bit depth, FOV options, operating systems, compatibility with software technologies

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20
Q

what is the lifetime of a CBCT unit

A

6-8 years

21
Q

what are the benefits of cone beam imaging and why

A

less radiation than other forms of CT for hard tissue imaging because of less scanning of x-radiation and lower radiation

22
Q

why is there overlap in dose between CBCT small, medium and large FOV

A

there are other factors that affect the dose in CBCT

23
Q

what are the factors affecting CBCT dose

A
  • FOV
  • exposure
  • voxel
  • sensors
24
Q

what is FOV

A

field of view
- how big of area we are scanning

25
Q

what does the CBCT FOV flat panel detector look like

A
  • cylindrical shape and measurement characteristics
  • diameter (mm) x height (mm)
26
Q

describe the CBCT FOV image intensifier detector

A
  • round spherical shape and measurement characteristics
  • diameter (mm) only
  • if it gives you radius or diameter you know its image intensifier detector
27
Q

different sizes of FOV image:

A

different parts of head and neck

28
Q

larger detector, ____ expensive

A

more

29
Q

what is the range of kV in CBCT

A

75 kV- 120 kV

30
Q

what is the range of mA in CBCT

A

7 mA - 20 mA

31
Q

what forms the projection data

A

multiple basis image projections

32
Q

what is a volumetric data set constructed by

A

an imaging software program which then displays various image reconstructions

33
Q

X- ray beam projection scheme shows “cone” beam imaging geometry with the resultant production of:

A

a basis image

34
Q

describe the CBCT basis image capture

A
  • rotates and keeps taking photos can take up to 600 images or as little as 100
  • you’re taking skull images at different angles
  • these are digitized and stored in computer then are sent to software which can reconstruct images
  • rotates counterclockwise
35
Q

the more projections you take:

A

the better you can construct what the actual object looks like

36
Q

higher resolution = ____ dose

A

higher

37
Q

what factors affect number of basis images

A
  • image quality
  • dose
38
Q

the more images you take the ____ dose, the ____ image quality

A

more; better

39
Q

each image we take in a CBCT is called:

A

a basis image

40
Q

what is a voxel

A

a pixel in CBCT because it is a 3D shape

41
Q

what affects voxel size

A

resolution

42
Q

the ____ the voxel, the better the resolution

A

smaller

43
Q

smaller voxel size, you need ____ dose to capture everything because:

A

more; more photons have to hit each voxel

44
Q

small voxel yields ____ signal to noise ratio, i.e _______

A

lower; degraded image quality

45
Q

smaller voxel what scatter do you pick up

A

compton

46
Q

what are the types of CBCT image detectors

A
  • charge-coupled image intensifier detector
  • flat panel detector
47
Q

distortion of the image grid in image intensifier detector when:

A

moving away from the center

48
Q

what is the distortion pattern of the flat panel detector

A
  • image receptor area receiving the signal from the flat panel detector’s scintillator is flat.
  • even at more distant areas from the center of the grid, there is minimal to no distortion of the grid pattern
49
Q
A

Oral Radiology (26 decks)

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