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Oral Radiology > CBCT Basics Part II > Flashcards

CBCT Basics Part II Flashcards

1
Q

What filter is on this image?

A

bone window filter

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2
Q

What is better than saying “Cone Beam Imaging is 3D”

A

Cone beam imaging is multiplanar imaging

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3
Q

Can a basis image be read?

A

No- not until reconstructed into a volumetric data set

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4
Q

If you want other people (offices etc.) to be able to read the images from a CBCT scan, they need to be in the form of:

A

Volumetric data set

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5
Q

The ____ is the primary reconstruction when volumetric data is first accessed by a viewing software program

A

multiplanar reconstruction

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6
Q

The number and types of of reconstructions (images) are dependent on the power of the ____ as specified by the ___

A

program; software manufacturers

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7
Q

The ____ data (___ data) forms the volumetric data set

A

original scan data (projection data)

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8
Q

What forms the volumetric data set?

A

original scan data (projection data)

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9
Q

Scanner software can either store the volumetric data in either the:

A
  1. proprietary form (unique to vendor)
  2. universal format (DICOM)
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10
Q

DICOM:

A

Digital imaging and communications in medicine

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11
Q

If the volumetric is in the proprietary format, it is:

A

unique to vendor (only readable if you have that exact software)

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12
Q

Allows for volumetric data to be universally read by different practices with different CBCT programs:

A

DICOM

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13
Q

The proprietary format that is unique to the vendor may also be called:

A

InVivo format

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14
Q

What type of format is the Eggviewer format?

A

Universal (DICOM) format

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15
Q

Standard information transfer method (file format) for transferring images and associated information between devices manufactured by various vendors:

A

DICOM

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16
Q

T/F: Any proprietary volumetric data set can be converted to DICOM

A

True

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17
Q

HIPPA:

A

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act

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18
Q

T/F: Due to DICOM and sharing information between offices, you don’t need to get patient consent to share CBCT with another dental specialist

A

False- Due to HIPPA you must get patient consent to share any info

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19
Q

.dcm signifies:

A

That the file is converted into DICOM format

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20
Q

Multiple ____ software available for imaging DICOM compatible CBCT volumetric data

A

third-party software

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21
Q

Multiple third-party software available for imaging DICOM compatible CBCT volumetric data, these include:

A
  1. Anatomage InVivo 3D
  2. CareStream 3D
  3. Cybermed 3D
  4. Dophin 3D
  5. (Infinitt) Xelis Dental, Xelis 3D
  6. Keystone EasyGuide 3D
  7. NobelClinician
  8. OnDemand 3D
  9. OsiriX DICOM Viewer
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22
Q

Which third party software available for imaging DICOM CBCT volumetric data is free to download?

A

OsiriX DICOM Viewer

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23
Q

Multiple third-party software available for imaging DICOM compatible CBCT volumetric data list the ones we use at UMKC and star the ones used most often here:

A
  1. Anatomage InVivo 3D *
  2. CareStream 3D
  3. Dophin 3D (ortho)
  4. NobelClinician
  5. OsiriX DICOM Viewer
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24
Q

Oldest third-party software that is available for imaging DICOM Compatible CBCT volumetric data and lacks many of the newer feature but has the ability to give you multiplanar reconstructions:

A

OsiriX DICOM Viewer

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25
Q

Most widely used DICOM viewer because of global recognition and longevity:

A

OsiriX DICOM Viewer

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26
Q

One for he first to fully support the DICOM standard for easy integration (3rd party software)

A

OsiriX DICOM Viewer

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27
Q
  • Materialise SurgiCase CMF
  • Simplant (Materialise)
  • Sirona- SICAT
  • Morita- I-Dixel

These are all examples of:

A

Non-DICOM compatible 3D software

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28
Q

T/F: Only DICOM Projection data files are transferred to and stored in the UMKC-SoD MiPACS server

A

True

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29
Q

At UMKC, where are proprietary (native) files stored?

A

Stored in the capture CPU or its serve

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30
Q

At UMKC, what type of files are stored in the MiPACS server?

A

Only DICOM projection data files

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31
Q

Why are multiple forms of data sets a problem?

A

It inhibits the access to health care by:
1) limiting the access to the patients info
2) increasing cost of treatment
3) delaying time of treatment

32
Q

T/F: Image transfer is as simple as transferring one or a series of intraoral images

A

False- one transfers an entire data set so the users may access the image files to construct the selected images needed (the images needed will vary between different practitioner)

33
Q

_____ dwarfs the ranges of intraoral, panoramic, and skull images

A

CBCT image reconstruction capacity

34
Q

T/F: 2D image reconstructions are not typically stored and transferred

35
Q

Entire volumetric data sets are transferred so that practitioners:

A
  1. are not limited to a limited number of reconstructions
  2. can determine their own preferred range of images needed for their diagnostic and treatment needs
36
Q

What are the two inherent artifacts that we see most often with CBCTs?

A
  1. beam hardening
  2. streaking
37
Q

Beam hardening and streaking are due to:

38
Q

What occurs with beam hardening?

A

dark areas adjacent to metal

39
Q

This occurs when software does a reconstruction and it notices an area with no signal (due to metal) so the program compensates by increasing the signal next to the metal (an overcorrection); it is a reconstruction artifact:

A

Beam hardening

40
Q

What inherent artifact is indicated by the red arrows?

A

Beam hardening

41
Q

A sunburst like pattern reconstruction artifact seen when there is metal:

42
Q

What inherent artifact is indicated by the green arrows?

43
Q

What needs to be present in order to have either streaking or beam hardening or both?

44
Q

Beam hardeningg creates ___ that is really not there

45
Q

A reconstruction artifact in CT due to the total absorption of low energy photons by metal objects:

A

Beam hardening

46
Q

When metal is detected in a CT, beam hardening may occurs because _____ in the heterogenous x-ray bean will create a single in tissues adjacent to the metal structure in the back projection algorithm and these areas will be “_____” thus creating ____

A

high energy photons; “burned out”; dark areas

47
Q

What is the effects of beam hardening in the cross-sectional and parasagittal reconstructions?

A

simulates peri-implantitis and alveolar bone defects

48
Q

In addition to metal, beam hardening may occur with:

A

GP (root canal filling materials) (Leaves a void that’s not really there)

49
Q

Creates the outline of a “ghost implant” as well as other radiopaque outlines in the cross-sectional reconstruction

A

streak artifact

50
Q

Beam hardening =

Streaking =

A

radiolucent

radiopaque

51
Q

The streak artifact makes it more difficult to:

A

discern the validity of the cortisol bone outlines

52
Q

Streak artifact:

x-rays are heavily attenuated after passing through metal objects which results in:

A

very weak signals reaching the detector

53
Q

Streak artifact:

Metal shadows in the raw projection data will then introduce street artifact in the back projection algorithm reconstructions which introduces the metal streak artifact in:

A

low density structures (soft tissues)

54
Q

What can be seen in the following image?

A

streak artifact

55
Q

What error can be seen in the following image>

A

streak artifact

56
Q

CBCT Streak artifact is minimized with:

A

distance from metals

57
Q

Why does slice two show much more extreme streaking compared to slice one?

A

Slice 1 is further away from the metal

58
Q

CBCT Image reconstruction applications:

A
  1. MPR
  2. Panoramic
  3. Volume rendering (3D)
  4. TMJ
  5. Implant planning
59
Q

List the CBCT Image capture and data management (3)

A
  1. Basis Image(s)
  2. Projection data- total set of basis images
  3. Volumetric data set- image files managed by image software
60
Q

MPR:

A

Multi-planar reconstruction

61
Q

In the following multi-planar reconstruction (MPR) the red line is the level of:

A

axial reconstruction

62
Q

Imaging software packages can reconstruct ____ images from the CBCT storage data

63
Q

T/F: CBCT scan is indicated solely for panoramic imaging in certain situations

A

False- CBCT scan is NOT indicated SOLELY for panoramic imaging

64
Q

The following image is from:

A

2D panoramic reconstruction from CBCT

65
Q

What can be seen in the following image?

A

Volume rendering- 3D implant planning reconstruction

66
Q

What can be seen in the following image?

A

Volume rendering

67
Q

A type of data visualization technique which creates a 3D representation of data:

A

Volume rendering

68
Q

The following images are examples of:

A

Volume rendering

69
Q

What tool is being utilized in the following image? What type of reconstruction is seen?

A

Airway measurement tooth; sagittal reconstruction

70
Q

What components are measured with the airway measurement tool from InVivoDental 5.2 imaging software?

A

Total volume & minimum area

71
Q

T/F: Program wizard computes the volume of the airway space. Threshold values for compromised airway volumes have been determined.

A

First statement true; Second statement false

72
Q

What can be seen in the following image?

A

Volume rendering

73
Q

What is indicated in the boxed areas in the below image?

A

Bilateral TMJ

74
Q

Implant planning may utilize CBCT for a:

A

2D reconstruction (virtual implant placement) and tracings of nerves

Oral Radiology (21 decks)

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