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BDS2: DM > Cavity Lining Materials (Acid-Base Cements) > Flashcards

Cavity Lining Materials (Acid-Base Cements) Flashcards

1
Q

What are 5 general uses of acid-base dental cements?

A
  • Cavity Liner
  • Permanent/Temp. Filling
  • Root Canal Sealer
  • Permanent/Temporary luting of crown/ bridge
  • Attachment of orthodontic appliances
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2
Q

Name some of the ideal properties of an acid0base cement 11

A
  • Non-irritant and non toxic to the oral tissues
  • Insoluble in oral fluids or anything taken into the mouth
  • Adhesive to the tooth structure
  • Adequate mechanical properties
  • Thermally, chemically and electrically insulating
  • Provide a therapeutic effect
  • An appropriate thermal expansion coefficient
  • Good aesthetics
  • Radio-opaque
  • Appropriate rheological properties
  • Easily manipulated
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3
Q

Definition of acid-base cement

A

Mixing of powder and liquid, which through an acid-base reaction produces a solid matrix that binds the mass together

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4
Q

What does the unreacted powder in the set cement act as? What does this do?

A

Acts as a filler

  • Increases strength of the set cement
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5
Q

How does particle size affect setting of a cement?

A

Small size = Greater specific surface area = Faster setting reaction

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6
Q

How does powder:liquid affect setting of a cement?

A

Higher powder content = Faster set

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7
Q

How doers temperature affect setting of a cement?

Why does it have this affect?

A
  • Increasing the temperature will increase setting rate

- Exothermic setting reaction

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8
Q

How does moisture affect setting of a cement?

A

Presence of moisture accelerates setting of some cements but slows for others

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9
Q

What are the 6 types of acid-base cements?

A
  1. Zinc Phopsphate
  2. Zinc Polycarboxylate Cements
  3. Glass Ionomer Cements (GICs)
  4. Zinc Oxide Eugenol (ZOE) Cements
  5. Calcium Hydroxide Cements
  6. Ethoxybenzoic Acid (EBAs) cements
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10
Q

Type I acid-base cements

Use?
Particle Size?

A
  • Luting

- ≈ 25µm

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11
Q

Type II acid-base cements

Use?
Particle size?

A
  • Restorative or a lining

- ≈40µm

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12
Q

Type III acid-base cements

Use?

A

Lining or base

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13
Q

Which types of acid-base cements are phosphate bonded?

A

Zin Phosphate Cements

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14
Q

Which 2 types of acid-base cements are polycarboxylate bonded?

Chemical bond

A
  • Zinc polycarboxylate cements

- GICs

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15
Q

Which 3 types of acid-base cements are phenolate boded?

A
  • Calcium Hydroxide Cements
  • ZOE cements
  • EBA-based cements
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16
Q

Which 3 types of acid-base cements are water based?

A
  • Zinc phosphate
  • Zinc polycarboxylate
  • Glass ionomer
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17
Q

Which 3 types of acid-base cements are oil-based?

A
  • Calcium Hydroxide
  • ZOE
  • EBA
18
Q

What powder do all cements except GIC use?

A

Zinc Oxide

19
Q

What is the main reactant in a zinc phosphate cement?

What are the minor reactants?

A
  • Roughly 90% ZnO

- 10% MgO, Aluminium Oxide and Silicon Dioxide

20
Q

Advantages of having ZnO in based cements?

A
  • Low cost
  • Good radiopacity
  • Low toxicity
  • Reactivity can be controlled
21
Q

What is the primary liquid component used in zinc phosphate cements?

A

Phosphoric Acid

22
Q

What is the correct way to mix zinc phosphate cements?

A

Using a coal mixing slab and incorporate the powder in small amounts

23
Q

What are some disadvantages of zinc phosphate in cements?

A
  • Low initial pH
  • Slow to neutralise
  • Brittle
  • High acidic solubility
  • No chemical adhesion
  • Setting shrinkage
24
Q

What can be used to modify the set of Zinc Polycarboxylate cements?

A

Bismuth Salts

25
Q

What are the 3 advantages of having SnF2 (Stannous Fluoride) in cements?

A
  • Fluoride source
  • Improves mixing
  • Increases strength
26
Q

What is the primary liquid component in Zinc Polycarboxyate cements?

A

Polyacrylic Acid

PAA

27
Q

3 Disadvantages of Zinc Polycarboxyate cements?

A
  • Lower compressive strength that Zinc Phosphate cements
  • Short working time
  • Not necessarily adhesive to all surfaces
28
Q

What 3 things is cavity varnish designed to do?

A
  • Seal Dentine
  • Reduce diffusion through dentine
  • Decrease microleakage
29
Q

What 2 things is cavity liner designed to do?

A
  • Seal exposed dentine

- Promotes health of pulp

30
Q

What 4 things is cavity base designed to do?

A
  • Act as dentine replacement
  • Strengthens restoration
  • Blocks out undercut
  • Insulates tooth
31
Q

What will happen to Zinc Eugenolate in the presence of excess water?

A

The complex is not stable and the setting reaction will reverse in the presence of excess water

32
Q

What is the:

Mixing, working and setting time

of Zoe cement?

A
  • 60-90 seconds
  • 2-3 Minutes
  • Less than 5 Minutes
33
Q

4 Disadvantages of ZEO cements?

A
  • Low compressive and tensile strengths
  • High water solubility
  • Eugenol is potential allergen
  • Eugenol inhibits C=C polymerisation so cannot be used with composities
34
Q

2 Ways in which ZOE cements are reinforced?

A
  • 1040% of s synthetic resin is added to the powder

- Styrene of MMA is added to liquid

35
Q

3 Advantages of reinforced ZOE?

A
  • Increased compressive strength
  • Increased tensile strength
  • Reduced water sulbility
36
Q

Compare EBA cements with ZOE cements. 2

A
  • EBA have better strength

- EBA have lower water solubility

37
Q

1 Disadvantage of EBA cements?

A

Poor handling characteristics

38
Q

If a patient is allergic to eugenol what other oils can form a cement with ZnO instead?

A

Nonaoic Acid

39
Q

What is the:

Mixing, working and setting time

of Calcium Hydroxide Cement?

A
  • 5-30 Seconds
  • 30-60 Seconds
  • 1-2 Mins
40
Q

4 Disadvantages of Calcium Hydroxide cements

A
  • Low strength
  • Weakened by moisture
  • Dissolved by acidic conditions
  • Can undergo plastic deformation at mouth temp.
41
Q

Compared ZOE Cements to Calcium Hydroxide cements 4

A
  • ZOE stronger and less soluble than CH
  • ZOE has a calming effect
  • CH is alkaline anti bac
  • CH stimulates secondary formation

BDS2: DM (6 decks)

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