Cavities & terminology Flashcards
1
Q
Serous membrane/mesothelium
A
A continuous membrane layer that protects and lubricates the body cavities
2
Q
Parietal
A
Lining the boundaries or sides of the cavity
3
Q
Visceral
A
Lining the organs e.g. the pericardium
4
Q
Thoracic cavity
A
- The entrance is known as the Cranial Thoracic Inlet (Thoracic vertebrae, first ribs and manubrium)
- The exit is the diaphragm
- The left and right side is divided by the mediastinum
- It is a double layer of parietal pleura
- It contains the heart and portions of the aorta, trachea, oesophagus and the thymus
5
Q
Thoracic cavity - Boundaries
A
- Cranially the thoracic inlet
- Caudally the diaphragm
- Dorsally the thoracic vertebra
- Ventrally the sternum
- Laterally the ribs and intercostal muscles
6
Q
Function of the thoracic cavity
A
- To protect the organs and maintain thoracic pressure
- Organs: Heart, lungs, portions of oesophagus and the trachea
- Structures: Pleural cavities, mediastinum and diaphragm
- Pleura is the serous membrane covering the thoracic cavity
- Thoracic pressure = negative pressure to allow the lungs to fill
7
Q
Thoracic and pleural cavities
A
- Thoracic is divided into 2 cavities
- Pleural cavities contain the lungs and parietal pleural fluid
- The lungs are covered in visceral pleura, this is called pulmonary pleura (visceral pleura)
- In some animals this pleural cavity/pleural space can fill with other substances besides healthy lubricant - such as pus e.g. pyothorax
8
Q
Abdominal cavity
A
- Contains the stomach, liver, spleen, gall bladder, intestines, reproductive organs, kidneys, bladder
- It’s lined with a serous membrane called peritoneum
- This is a continuous sheet that forms the closed cavity (Peritoneal cavity)
- Peritoneal fluid lubricates to allow friction-free movement of organs and the peritoneum
- The peritoneum folds in itself and forms the mesentery
9
Q
Pelvic cavity
A
- No physical separation between the abdominal and pelvic cavities
- Contains the bladder, rectum and reproductive organs
10
Q
PREFIX - Tachy
A
Fast
11
Q
PREFIX - Brady
A
Slow
12
Q
PREFIX - Hypo
A
Below
13
Q
PREFIX - Hyper
A
Above
14
Q
PREFIX - Peri
A
Around
15
Q
PREFIX - Thorac
A
Thorax/chest
