CAUSES OF THE ENDOCRINE DISORDERS

Question 1

pituitary adenoma, genetic mutations, hypothalamic tumors

Answer 1

GIGANTISM

Question 2

• Hypothalamus or pituitary gland dysfunction
• Achondroplasia

Answer 2

DWARFISM

Question 3

• Central DI (hypothalamus & pituitary)
• Nephrogenic DI (kidney)
• Gestational DI (pregnancy)

Answer 3

DIABETES INSIPIDUS

Question 4

• CNS (trauma, head injury, stroke, brain tumors)
• Medications (antidepressants, antipsychotics)

Answer 4

SIADH

Question 5

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, iodine deficiency, thyroidectomy

Answer 5

HYPOTHYROIDISM (Primary) [THYROID GLAND DYSFUNCTION]

Question 6

insufficient TRH production (thyrotropin releasing hormone)

Answer 6

HYPOTHYROIDISM (Tertiary) [HYPOTHALAMIC DYSFUNCTION]

Question 7

insufficient TSH production (thyroid stimulating hormone)

Answer 7

HYPOTHYROIDISM (Secondary) [PITUITARY DYSFUNCTION]

Question 8

• Grave’s disease (autoimmune)
• Toxic nodular goiter
• Thyroiditis
• Excessive iodine intake
• Pituitary tumors (rare)

Answer 8

HYPERTHYROIDISM

Question 9

• Autoimmune destruction (Grave’s Disease)
• Infections
• Adrenal tumors
• Chronic use of corticosteroids
• Genetic factors

Answer 9

ADDISON’S DISEASE

Question 10

• Exogenous (prolonged use of corticosteroid)
• Pituitary adenomas
• Adrenal tumors

Answer 10

CUSHING’S SYNDROME

Question 11

• Autoimmune reaction
• Genetics
• Environmental triggers toxins, infection

Answer 11

DM TYPE 1

Question 12

• Insulin resistance
• impaired insulin secretion
• Genetic factors
• Environmental and lifestyle factors

Answer 12

DM TYPE 2